02年北京成人本科學位英語考試A卷試題及答案

 
2002年北京地區(qū)成人本科學士學位英語統(tǒng)一考試A卷試題

Part I  Reading Comprehension  
Passage1

In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.

In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.

Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers ,resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.

One type of test is sometimes called an "objective" test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material properly.

[文章大意及重要詞匯]

古代（ancient），最重要的考試（examination）是口試而不是筆試。古希臘和古羅馬時期，學校的考試由吟詩（poetry）和演講兩部分組成。

中世紀歐洲的大學里，那些攻讀高學位的學生必須在和他哪個領(lǐng)域里有很大研究成果的學者進行討論。這一傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在保持下來，用于申請博士學位的學生。

整體上來講，現(xiàn)在的考試是筆試。所有的學生都做相同的題目的筆試大概到十九世紀才出現(xiàn)。它的出現(xiàn)（came into existence）可能是由于人口（population）的大量增長和現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的發(fā)展。所有的考生都在一個房間，規(guī)定的時間，有監(jiān)考老師，就像汽車制造廠的工人一樣。大體上講，學生就像機器一樣。

一種類型的考試叫做“客觀性”考試，它主要是關(guān)于事實而不是個人看法，要出一份客觀性考試的試題，老師寫出一系列的問題，沒有問題只有一個正確答案，隨時每個問題有四個選項，其中只有一個是正確的，而另外三個對那些沒有好好準備的考生來說具有很大迷惑性。

1. In the Middle Ages students_________.
　A. took objective tests                  B. specialized in one subject
　C. were timed by electric clocks          D. never wrote exams
答案：D 細節(jié)題。答案依據(jù)第一段第一句話“In ancient times…(在古代，最重要的考試都是口試，沒有筆試)” 。

2. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that_________.
　A. workers now take examination            B. the population has grown
　C. there are only written exams              D. examinations are now written and timed
答案：D 主旨題。第三段一開始就談到“一般來講， 現(xiàn)在的考試都是筆試；”隨后又談到“所有的考生在一個房間，規(guī)定時間，有監(jiān)考老師?！彼訢是正確答案。

3. The kind of exams where students must select answers are_________.
　A. personal　　B. spoken　　C. objective　　D. written
答案：C 細節(jié)題。答案在最后一段可找到：“出客觀題的時候，老師先出一系列的問題，每個問題后面都附有一個正確答案，和幾個相似的答案。學生被要求找出正確答案。”因此：“學生必須選答案的考試是客觀考試?！盋是正確答案。

4. Modern industry must have developed_________.
　A. before the Middle Ages　　B. around the 19th century
　C. in Greece or Rome      　　D. machines to take tests
答案：B推理題。答案在文章的第三段可以找到?！癟he written examination was not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry.”因此，筆試是19世紀才為大家所知，可能是由于人口的增加和現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的發(fā)展。

5. It may be concluded that testing_________.
　A. should test only opinions            　　      B. should always be written
　C. has changed since the Middle Ages            D. is given only in factories 
答案：C推理題。因為A,B,D的內(nèi)容文章中都沒有提到。C的意思是“自從中世紀開始，考試開始了變化?！狈衔恼碌膬?nèi)容。

passage2
The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without first investigating the market.

In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting (報價), what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such 

information? There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor's offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.

Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course , there are some other ways of making market investigations.

 [文章大意及重要詞匯]

市場調(diào)查(market investigation)對擴大銷路(sales promotion)是必不可少的(indispensable)，可以說(so to speak)，他們之間的關(guān)系就像牙齒和嘴唇一樣密切。你要生產(chǎn)的物品是在市場上銷售的。不首先進行市場調(diào)查，產(chǎn)品很難賣出去的。

在國際(international)市場上，來自世界各地的商品很多，商家面臨著激烈的競爭（keen competition）。在這樣的情況下（under such circumstances），他們要想盡一切辦法來使自己熟悉（familiarize）市場，才能打開銷路。在市場調(diào)查中我們應該了解我們的對手生產(chǎn)類似產(chǎn)品的情況，他們的報價(quoting)，他們產(chǎn)品的特征，誰是他們的固定消費者等等，那么，我們?nèi)绾潍@得這些信息呢？有很多渠道（channels）都可以幫助我們獲取信息。在海外設(shè)置（stationed）商業(yè)咨詢辦公室，可以幫助我們獲取市場信息。現(xiàn)在有些進出口公司（corporation）也不定期的想海外派商業(yè)訪問團，其中的一個目的就是做現(xiàn)場（on the spot）調(diào)查。

當然，面對面的和外商交談也是一個很重要的獲取信息的渠道。中國出口商品展會（fairs）和其他類似的展會和外商的來訪參觀，也給我們提供了信息交流的機會（opportunity）。當然，還有其他別的市場調(diào)查方法。

6. In making market investigation , one should_________.
　A. get enough information concerned            B. advertise his products
　C. produce high quality goods                  D. none of the above 
答案：A細節(jié)題。答案在文章的第二段可以找到?！霸谑袌稣{(diào)查中我們應該了解我們的對手生產(chǎn)類似產(chǎn)能包括這些內(nèi)容。

7. The word "indispensable" in the first line means_________.
　A. impossible　　B. essential　　C. advisable　　D. available 
答案：B詞匯題。indispensable:必不可少的，必須的。通常和介詞to 連接。又如：Oxygen is indispensable to life.氧氣對生命是不可缺的。所以只有B 的意思最接近。

8. Which of the following statements is not true?
　A. The relationship between market investigation and sales promotion is just as that of the lips and teeth.
　B. It is impossible to succeed in selling a product without market investigation.
　C. There are various ways of making market investigation.
　D. Production goes before market investigation. 
答案：D細節(jié)題。D的意思是“生產(chǎn)先與市場調(diào)查”不符合文章的內(nèi)容。

9. Making market investigation is very important because_________.
　A. in market, goods on sale are numerous      B. every producer is facing keen competition
　C. it can greatly promote sales                  D. all of the above
答案：D細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容：“在國際市場上，來自世界各地的商品很多，商家面臨著激烈的競爭。在這種情況下，他們要想盡一切辦法來使自己熟悉市場，才能打開銷路?！彼灾挥蠨的內(nèi)容最全面。

10. All the following are channels to get market information except _________.
　A. to have commercial counselor’s office of our embassies stationed abroad
　B. to promote the quality of our own products
　C. to send trade groups abroad every now and then
　D. to have face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen
答案：B細節(jié)題。文章第三段末尾和第四段都談到了獲得市場信息的渠道“駐外使館里設(shè)立商務參贊；經(jīng)常向國外派貿(mào)易代表團；和外商進行面對面的談判?！蔽┆殯]有提到自己產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。所以B是錯誤的。

Passage3
On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.

It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked , "I have failed again." On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, "That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed."

Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little as people read the speech they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.

Today, every American school child learns Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.

[文章大意及重要詞匯]

1863年報11月9日林肯到賓夕尼亞州的葛底斯堡（Gettysburg）國家公墓做演說，但是內(nèi)戰(zhàn)仍在進行中，對林肯總統(tǒng)的批評（criticism）也很多，他一點都不受大家的歡迎（popular）。而他之所以被邀請去做演說完全是出于禮貌。當時主要的演講者是維萊特，他是當時有名的演說家和政治家，人長的很帥也很受歡迎。

據(jù)說，林肯的演講稿是在去葛底斯堡的火車上寫的。那天晚上，他既孤獨有疲倦（tired out），只是簡單的準備了一下。第二天第一個眼睛的是維萊特，他說來足足一個小時和57分鐘，他的演講技術(shù)（oratory）高超是當時完美演講的典范。然后林肯站了起來，當時在場的15，000人根本不把他放在眼里，他只講了九分鐘，最終也很少人給他鼓掌（applause）。林肯轉(zhuǎn)過身對他的一個朋友說，“我又失敗了”在回華盛頓（Washington）的火車上，他很傷心地說，“這個演講是一個極大的失敗，聽眾也很失望?！?/P>

起初，許多報紙對他的演講進行抨擊，然后人們才漸漸的開始的更好的理解它，并非常欣賞（appreciate）它的簡潔（simplicity）和蘊涵的深層含義。也只有林肯才能做出這樣的演講來。

如今美國所有的在校學生都能背誦（learn by heart）他的演講?，F(xiàn)在所有的人都認為他的演講是美國歷史上最好的演講之一。

11. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln was_________.
　A. very critical　　B. unpopular　　C. very popular　　D. very courteous 
答案：B細節(jié)題。答案可以在第一段的第三句話找到：“There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular,”

12. Lincoln was invited to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery because he was_________.
　A. a famous speaker　　B. a very handsome man　　C. President of the country   D. a popular statesman 
答案：C推理題。答案可以在第一段找到?！癏e was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness.” “當時林肯一點也不受歡迎，他被邀請去演講僅僅是出于禮貌，因為他是總統(tǒng)?！?

13. It can be inferred from the text that_________.
　A. Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg
　B. Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn't have much time to prepare his speech
　C. Lincoln's speech was full of rich words
　D. Lincoln's speech was very long 
答案：B推理題。答案在文章的第二段的開始可以找到?！癐t is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech.”“據(jù)說林肯是在去葛底斯堡的火車上準備他的演講的。那天深夜，在賓館的房間里，他既孤獨又疲倦， 只是簡單準備了一下。”所以通過這些句子我們可以判斷林肯非常的忙，沒有更多的時間準備他的演講，B是正確答案。A,C,D,均不符合文章的內(nèi)容。

14. It was a fact that Lincoln's speech was _________.
A. an immediate success　B.warmly applauded　　
C. a total failure　D. not well-received at first 
答案：D推理題。答案可以在文章的第二段找到?！癆t the end there was little applause.”最后幾乎沒有什么掌聲。所以他的演講開始沒有被大家接受，D 為正確答案。A, B, C 均不符合文章的內(nèi)容。

15. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
　A. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address has deep meaning.
　B. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is simple in style.
　C. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is memorized by every American school child.
　D. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is the greatest speech ever delivered in the United States. 
答案：D細節(jié)題。答案可以在文章的第三段和第四段找到?！八难葜v含義深刻、風格簡樸；如今美國所有的在校的學生都能背誦他的演講；文章又談到：“現(xiàn)在所有的人都認為他的演講是美國歷史上最好的演講之一?！倍皇敲绹詈玫难葜v。所以D是錯誤的。

passage4
Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched fluid, the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it ,even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however ,they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were.

In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet.

So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of "body wisdom,＂ which humans soon lose. Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could. Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds ,while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them. 

[文章大意及重要詞匯]

很可能，動物在餓的時候該是有理性的吃東西的，并且它們所吃的不會大于身體所需要的。實驗已經(jīng)告訴（demonstrate）我們，當在一段時間內(nèi)，老鼠可以在兩瓶水之間進行選擇時，它們明顯的偏好含有維他命（vitamin）的水而不喜歡不含維他命的水，盡管聞不出來也看不出來兩者的區(qū)別。當給富含維他命的液體（fluid）里加入一種香味（flagrant）的時侯，老鼠似乎對產(chǎn)生了愛好（preference），即使在沒有維他命的情況下，它們也一直喝下去。但是，很快它們就改變了這個習慣，并重新開始喝含有維他命的水了。

在一個經(jīng)典的實驗中，6到12個月的孩子給予了特殊的飲食安排（arrangement），它們可以有很多的食物選擇，并且給予他們喜歡或者指到的食物。剛開始，他們的飲食習慣并不是很合理，過了一段時間之后他們培養(yǎng)了一種非常合理的飲食（well-balanced diet）習慣。

這樣看來，就飲食習慣而言，嬰兒和老鼠似乎知道也可以選擇健康的飲食。但是，很顯然人的這種“身體智慧（wisdom）”很快就消失了。多數(shù)吃的并非非常健康，我們的飲食習慣受文化和長期形成的習慣的影響。有人吃狐貍、狗、山鳥類食品，還有人吃烏鴉（crow）和豬。由此看來，人們吃什么和吃多少嚴重受到周圍事物的影響（influence）。

16. In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rat's drinking water to______.
A. ncourage rats to drink vitamin-enriched water　　 
B. find out rats preference in flavor
C. test whether rats know which drink is good for them 
D.demonstrate that vitamins are tasteless
答案：C 細節(jié)題。答案在文章第一段：“It has been demonstrated that rats will ,when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles.” 

17. The expression "the habit" (para.1, sentence 4) refers to drinking water which_________.
　A. has no smell　　B. is tasteless　　C. has vitamins　　D. is flavored 
答案：D細節(jié)題。因為第一段的最后談到：“老鼠不停的喝有香味的含有維生素的液體，即使是維生素被換到了清水里面。然而，很快，他就改變了這個習慣，重新開始喝有維生素的水了。”所以句子中的habit 實際上指前面的喝有香味的水。所以D是正確答案。

18. According to the passage ,adults eating habits differ from those of babies because_________.
　A. adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health
　B. adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods
　C. adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs
　D. adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns
答案：C細節(jié)題。文章第二段的最后一句：“Babies managed to select well-balanced diet.”文章的第三段：“Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits.”因此成年人和嬰兒的飲食習慣的不同點在于：“成年人的飲食習慣和他們的社會和文化習俗有關(guān)?！?

19. The author implied in the passage that most of us_________.
A. eat a balanced diet   　
B. choose the food that is of nutrition               
C. have the habits influenced by the surroundings
　D. like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor 
答案：C細節(jié)題。根據(jù)上下文，我們可以知道， 文章中并沒有提到：“大多數(shù)人都有合理的飲食；選擇有營養(yǎng)的食物以及喜歡吃有香味的食品?！币虼薃,B,D都是錯誤的。但是文章的最后一句話說：“What people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.”因此可以斷定：“我們的飲食習慣受周圍環(huán)境的影響。C是正確答案。

20. As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that______.
　A. both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet　　B. both prefer flavored food and drink
　C. both have the same eating patterns     D. both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors 
答案：A細節(jié)題。文章第二段的最后一句話說：“Babies managed to select well-balanced diet.”第三段的第一句話說：“in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what’s best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom.”” 因此可以推斷：“嬰兒和老鼠飲食習慣的相同點在于他們都會選擇合理的飲食?！币虼酥挥蠥 最符合題意。

Part II  Vocabulary and Structure

21. You should be able to_________ right from wrong.
　A. perceive　　B. distinguish　　C. sight　　D. observe 
答案：B固定搭配。distinguish right from wrong 的意思是“分清是非”。所以B是正確答案。A 的意思是“感覺、覺察”，C 的意思是“看到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，D的意思是“觀察”均不符合題意。

22. Any student who _________ his homework is unlikely to pass the examination.
　A. reduces　　B. offends　　C. practices　　D. neglects 
答案：D詞義辨析。本句話的意思是“任何作業(yè)不認真的同學都不可能通過考試”。A的意思“減少、縮小”，B的意思是“冒犯、得罪”，C的意思是“練習”，D的意思是“疏忽、玩忽”， 所以只有D和題的意思最接近。

23. I promised to look_________ the matter as soon as I got there.
　A. for　　B. in　　C. into　　D after 
答案：C短語辨析?！發(fā)ook into ”的意思是“調(diào)查”，本句的意思是“我保證一到那就調(diào)查這件事情”。“l(fā)ook for”：尋找。Will you help me look for my gloves? 你能幫我尋找我的手套嗎？look in:朝里面看。I looked in my purse and discovered I’d only got a five-pound note.我朝錢包里一看，發(fā)現(xiàn)只有一張五英鎊的鈔票。 look after: 照顧、照看。He has looked after his elderly parents for many years. 他照料年邁的父母已經(jīng)多年了。

24. Your sister has made an_________for you to see the dentist at 3 this afternoon.
　A. appointment　　B. interview　　C. opportunity　　D. assignment 
答案：A詞義辨析。appointment 約會、約定，make (或fix)an appointment 預約，是固定搭配。interview 面試，opportunity: 機會，assignment:作業(yè)。

25. The committee is expected to_________ a decision this evening.
　A. reach　　B. arrive　　C. bring　　D. take
答：A詞義辨析。我們習慣上說：come to a decision, arrive at a decision, reach a decision,做出決定

26. He spoke so quickly that I didn't _________ what he said.
　A. make for　　B. make sure　　C. make over　　D. make out 
答案：D短語辨析。make out 有“辨認出、聽出”的意思。又如：It was difficult to make out what was said over the loudspeaker in the square. 很難聽清楚廣場上的擴音喇叭里在說什么。make for: 走向，朝…前進。It’s late, we’d better make for home. 時間不早了，我們最好趕快回家。Make for the beach!向海灘前進！make sure: 設(shè)法保證。He went round making sure that all the windows were closed. 他巡視了一遍,看看所有的窗戶是否都已關(guān)上。make over: 翻新、改造。The house has been made over into a school. 房屋已經(jīng)改成一所學校。 Human nature can’t be made over so easily.人性并非那么容易改變的

27. I wrote it down_________I should forget it.
　A. in case　　B. in case of　　C. in order that　　D. for fear of 
答案：A短語辨析。in case:（連詞）免得，以防萬一。本句的意思是：“我寫了下來，免得忘了”。又如：Keep the window closed in case it rains.把窗子關(guān)好，以防下雨。in case of (介詞短語)：假使、如果發(fā)生。In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，即按鈴。In order that （連詞，引導目的狀語從句）為了…In order that he should not be late , his mother woke him at 6. 為了不使他遲到，母親在６點種叫醒他。for fear of:（介詞）生怕、以免。She left an hour early for fear of missing her train. 她提早一小時離開以免誤了火車。

28. It is not that I do not like plays. The reason why I did not go to the theater last night was that I could not_________the time.
　A. offer　　B. leave　　C. afford　　D. manage 
答案：C詞義辨析。afford：（常接在can, be able to 后面）買得起，擔負得起（損失、費用）He is not rich enough to afford a car. 他并不太富有，不能購置汽車。Can you afford the time?你能抽的出時間嗎？

29. The chemical factory was demolished _________protecting the environment.
　A. in spite of　　B. in honor of　　C. in favor of　　D. in the name of 
答案：D短語辨析。in the name of :用…的名義，代表…。本句的意思是“以保護環(huán)境的名義，這個化學廠被拆除了?！庇秩纾簅pen an account in the name of John Smith 用約翰史密斯的名字開戶。in spite of ：不顧，不管。In spite of what you say, I still believe he is honest. 不管你說什么，我還是相信他是誠實的。in honor of :為了向…表示敬意，為慶?！瓰榧o念…They gave a banquet in honor of the delegation .他們設(shè)宴招待代表團。in favour of:贊同，支持。He refused a job in government in favour of a university appointment.他拒絕了政府部門的工作而選擇了大學的職業(yè)。D最符合題意。

30. After a three-hour heated discussion, all the members in the jury reached the conclusions that the man was_________ of murder.
　A. criminal　　B. charged　　C. guilty　　D. faulty 
答案 C詞義辨析。 be guilty of :有罪的，有過失的。Be found guilty of murder 被判犯有謀殺罪。charge:（動詞）控告，指責charge sb with murder指控某人犯謀殺罪。criminal (名詞)罪犯?！aulty:有錯誤的，有缺點的。C 最符合題意。

31. Having finished the letter, he_________ it carefully and sealed the envelop with a kiss.
　A. folded　　B. bent　　C. turned　　D. curved 
答案：A詞義辨析。fold:折疊，對折。fold a blanket (letter) 折毯子（信）。本句的意思是“他寫完信，小心地把它疊起來，用舌頭舔了一下，封上口?！币虼薃 最符合題意。bent:彎曲的。curve:使彎曲。

32. Last year_________ of new books were published on environmental protection.
　A. the hundred　　B. hundreds　　C. a hundred　　D. one hundred 
答案：B數(shù)字的表達。hundreds of new books :成百上千的新書 hundred, thousand, million前面若有具體的數(shù)字要用單數(shù)形式。如：five hundred, (500)。six thousand，(6000)。但如果它們后面有of，則要用復數(shù)形式，而且后面的名詞也要用復數(shù)形式。同時，前面不能加具體的數(shù)目。又如：thousands of students：成千上萬的學生millions of people：上百萬的人。

33. Literature and art have a great influence_________people's ideology.
　A. to　　B. on　　C. for　　D. onto 
答案：B固定搭配。have an influence on … 影響，對…起作用。He had a great influence on my career.他對我的生涯有過巨大的影響。the influence of religion on society 宗教對社會的影響。

34. Just as a married man cannot leave his work ,a poor man cannot _________to get sick.
A. have　　B. go　　C. expect　　D. afford 　　
答案：D詞義辨析。afford：（常接在can, be able to 后面）買得起，擔負得起（損失、費用）He is not rich enough to afford a car. 他并不太富有，不能購置汽車。Can you afford the time?你能抽的出時間嗎？

35. , we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data.
　A. As a whole　　B. As a rule　　C. On the average 　　D. By all means 
答案：B短語辨析。as a (general ) rule :通常，一般來說。B最符合題意。又如：As a rule, he doesn’t go to the office on Saturdays.星期六他通常不去辦公室。as a whole:作為一個整體，整體來看：The temperature for the country as a whole is relatively high.這個國家的氣溫總的來說是較高的。on (an 或the) average: 按平均值，通常 On (the 或an ) average I work ten hours a day.我平均每天工作10小時。 by all means:盡一切辦法，務必。By all means, I must visit my sick friend.我一定得去探望我那生病的朋友。

36. Nobody but a young woman _________the airplane crash.
　A. endure　　B. rejected　　C. survived　　D. lived 
答案：C詞義辨析。survive: 從…中逃生，經(jīng)歷…后繼續(xù)存在，是及物動詞。Only two people survived the fire.這場大火中只有兩個人幸免于死。The crops survived the drought.經(jīng)過這次旱災，莊稼還是活了下來。本句的意思是：“此飛機失事中，只有一個年輕婦女幸免遇難。”只有C的意思是正確的。endure: 忍耐，容忍。reject:拒絕。live ：居住，生活。

37. Professor Smith is always very _________ to the reaction of the audience when he gives lectures.
　A. sentimental　　B. sensitive　　C. sensible　　D. positive 
答案：B詞義辨析。sensitive :敏感的 (to)，神經(jīng)過敏的。We need to be more sensitive to the needs of the young students. 我們對青年學生的需求應更敏感。She is sensitive to criticism. 她對別人的批評很敏感。本句的意思是“史密斯教授演講時對觀眾的反應非常的敏感?！币虼?，B最符合題意。sentimental: 多情的，情深的。sentimental poetry: 言情詩。sentimental love stories: 充滿柔情的愛情小說。sensible: 明智的。a sensible choice：明智的抉擇。a sensible suggestion： 合理的建議。positive: 肯定的，贊同的。

38. William has cut his smoking _________to five cigarettes a day.
　A. down　　B. in　　C. off　　D. out 
答案 A短語辨析。 cut down ：削減， 減少。We must cut our expenses down somehow. 我們得設(shè)法減少開支。A最符合題意。cut in：插嘴，打斷。Don’t cut in when other people are talking.別人講話時不要插嘴。cut off：使分離，使隔離。He was cut off from all his friends when he studied abroad. 他在出國留學期間跟所有的朋友中斷了聯(lián)系。 cut out：切去，割去。The doctor cut out his tonsils.醫(yī)生割除了他的扁桃體。

39. He has lived here for years,_________ nobody knows what he is.
　A. and but　　B. though　　C. and yet　　D. for all that 
答案：C連詞。本句的意思是：“雖然他在這里生活了好多年了，但是沒有人知道他是做什么的?！睆慕Y(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系上來講，只有C是正確的。

40. I am very disappointed _________the results of the experiment.
　A. from　　B. for　　C. to　　D. with 
答案：D固定搭配。be disappointed with sth (sb) 對某人某事感到失望。

41. His few personal belongings made it possible for him to move from place to place_________.
　A. in ease　　B. at ease　　C. with ease　　D. with easiness 
答案：C固定搭配。with ease: 容易，不費力。These tiny bananas could be consumed six at a time with ease.這些小小的香蕉一次能吃下六只容易得很。C為正確答案。at ease：自在，不拘束。The examiner soon put the candidates at ease.考官很快就使考生們的情緒放松了。

42. I will never forget the ten years _________ we both spent in the little village.
　A. when　　B. during which　　C. which　　D. in which 
答案：C定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。關(guān)系代詞which在定語從句中做動詞spent 的賓語。

43. They are _________ students that they all performed well in the nationwide examinations.
　A. so diligent　　B. such diligent　　C. so much diligent　　D. such very diligent 
答案：B so/such that的用法。so+ 形容詞（副詞）+that…, such+名詞+that….兩者都表示結(jié)果，如此…以至…。

44. The manager of the company sent me a fax saying that he would visit us _________next spring.
　A. some time　　B. sometime　　C. sometimes　　D. some times 
答案：B短語辨析。sometime:某個時候，可指將來，也可指過去，后面一般要有一個時間范圍。本句的意思為：公司的經(jīng)理給我發(fā)來一份傳真說他明年春天的某個時候來訪。又如：We’ll take our holiday sometime in May.我們將在五月份的某個時候休假。I saw him sometime in August. 我在八月份的某天見過他。因此B正確答案。sometimes (=occasionally) : 有時候。Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. 有時候我們忙， 有時候我們不忙。some time 表示一段時間，可長可短。He stayed in Beijing for some time and then began to move on. 他在北京住了些日子又繼續(xù)搬遷。some times：好幾次。(=several ) I have been in Hong Kong some times.我去過中國香港好幾次。

45. No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or she _________ them.
　A. tries　　B. will try　　C. are trying　　D. have tried 
答案：A時態(tài)。本題是測試考生的時態(tài)。在時間和條件狀語從句中要用一般時表示將來的動作。因此A 是正確答案。又如：“They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they finish their exams. 他們一考完試就回家過寒假。”

46. I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you_________next month for a dinner.
　A. come　　B. would come　　C. came 　　D. have come 
答案：C虛擬語氣。would rather +句子（過去時）（虛擬語氣）：I’d rather you didn’t tell anyone what I said.你最好別告訴任何人我所說的話。I’d rather you came with me. 你還是和我一起來吧。

47. Something must have happened on their way here. Or they _________by now.
　A. should have arrived　　B. should arrive　　C. would have arrived　　D. would arrive 
答案：C虛擬語氣。第一句是must+have +過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示對過去事實的推測。The road is wet. It must have rained last night.路是濕的，昨晚上肯定下雨了。因此我們可以推斷：這是一個和過去的事實相反的虛擬語氣。should +have +過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示對過去動作的責備、批評。如：You should have gone over your lessons.你應當把功課復習好的。但是此句只是一個表示和過去的事實相反的虛擬句子，并沒有責備的意思。本句的意思是：“路上肯定出事了。否則，他們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到了?！币虼苏_答案應該是C.

48. The general's command was that the soldiers _________their fort and carry out more important tasks.
　A. would leave　　B. leave　　C. left　　D. have left 
答案：B虛擬語氣。本句測試虛擬語氣在表語從句的用法。在suggestion, proposal, request，order 等名詞面的表語從句和同位語從句中，用“(should )+動詞原形，表示虛擬，should常常省略。又如：My suggestion is that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups.我的建議是我們派幾個人去幫助其他小組。

49. How the fire in the dancing hall started _________ a mystery.
　A. to remain　　B. remains　　C. remain　　D. is remaining 
答案：B主謂一致。本句測試的是主謂一致。當主語是主語從句的時候，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。又如：“Who is her father is not known.誰是她的父親尚不得知?！?

50. We are going to have our office _________ to make room for a new engineer.
　A. to rearrange　　B. rearrange　　C. rearranged　　D. rearranging 
答案：C使役動詞。過去分詞在動詞have后面作賓補時， 常常表示這個動作不是由主語完成的， 而是由別人完成的。如：You’d better have the dangerous building pulled down.你最好叫別人把這座危樓推倒了。He had some pictures taken in the park. 他在公園里照了幾張像。因此C 是正確答案。

51. The boy has performed excellently _________ he was bit nervous.
　A. in that　　B. except that　　C. for that　　D. except for 
答案：B短語辨析。except that ：后面接賓語從句。that 在從句中只起連接作用。如：She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months. 關(guān)于他的旅行她不清楚，只知道他大概要離開三個月。(that 在賓語從句中只起連接作用) 因此B為正確答案。except for : （介詞短語）除了…，We had a very pleasant time, except for the weather.除了天公不作美，我們過的很愉快。in that:（書）既然，因為。Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批評與自我批評是必要的，因為能幫助我們改正錯誤。for that ：相當于for,并列連詞，表示理由，很少用。

52. All my neighbors tried to help in some way. But they turned out to be actually _________ the way.
　A. in　　B. on　　C. with　　D. beyond 
答案：A短語辨析。in the way : 擋路，妨礙。If you are not going to help, at least don’t get in the way.如果你不愿幫忙，至少不要妨礙人家。A是正確答案。on the way : 在去…的路上。on the way to the station :在去車站的路上。on the way to school:在上學的路上。C 和D都不和way搭配。

53. You never told me you have seen the film,_________?
　A. had you　　B. didn't you　　C. did you　　D. weren't you
答案：C反意疑問句。本句測試反意疑問句的用法。如果陳述部分含有表示否定意思的詞，如：never, seldom, hardly, little , 疑問部分須用肯定式。故選擇C。He never watches TV, does he ?他從不看電視,是嗎？

54, No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it_________.
　A. had taken place　　B. was taken place　　C. took place　　D. was taking place 
答案：C固定句型。It is …time since +從句（謂語動詞用過去時），故選C。It is many years since World War Two was over.自從二次大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來已經(jīng)很多年了。

55. Not until most of the people had left the airport _________his sister was there.
　A. that he saw　　B. had he seen　　C. did he see　　D. that he had seen 
答案：C倒裝。not until 放在句首，句子倒裝。Not until he finished his homework did Li Ming watch TV.李明做完作業(yè)后才看電視。

56. We all feel sorry for __________for so long after your arrival.
　A. keep you waiting　B. having kept you waiting　　C. waiting for you   D. keep you wait 
答案：B使役動詞。介詞后面要跟動名詞做賓語，當動名詞的動作在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生時，要用動名詞的完成式。Thank you for having helped me so much.感謝你給了我這么多的幫助。 

57. No sooner had they got the goods covered up __________it started raining hard.
　A. when　　B. than　　C. then　　D. after 
答案：B固定搭配。no sooner…..than…一…就…；hardly…when…一…;就…；scarcely…when…一…就…。No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.我剛躺下，電話鈴就響了。Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him. 嬰兒一哭保姆就趕快去抱他。本句的意思是：“他們剛把貨物蓋好，就開始下雨了?！?

58. The manager has his employees __________a business report every week.
　A. to write　　B. written　　C. writing　　D. write 
答案：D使役動詞。have sb do sth, 讓某人做某事。故選D。又如：The teacher has his students write a composition every other week.老師讓同學們每隔一周寫一篇作文。

59. Written applications should be sent to us in case __________ some problems with the electric version.
　A. there will be　　B. there is　　C. there be　　D. there was 
答案：C虛擬語氣。in case 引導的從句要用虛擬語氣，should +原形動詞，should 可以省略。

60. At that time, the poor girl can't but ______all her belongings at a low price.
　A. to sell　　B. sell　　C. selling 　　D. sold 
答案：B固定用法。cannot but 后接原形動詞。思是：不得不，不能不。He cannot but agree.他不得不同意。When your country calls you for help, you cannot but go.當祖國要求你出力的時候，你必然會去的。

Part Ⅲ  ldentification

61. [At] no time and under no circumstances [China will] be
    A                                   B   
[the first][to use] nuclear weapons.
C         D
答案 B 倒裝。at no time放在句首，句子要倒裝。因此應改為will China。

62. Neither John [and] his father was able [to wake up] [early enough]
             A                     B          C    
[to catch] the morning train.
  D
答案：A固定搭配。neither…nor….既不…也不….。 因此A應改為nor.

63. The development of industry has [also] brought [about] large
                             A             B 
numbers of problems [which] have [to solve].
                   C           D
答案：D被動。應改為：to be solved，因為solve 和它的邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系。如：Everyone likes the hero to be praised.每個人都喜歡這位英雄被表揚。Nothing is allowed to be taken out of the building.任何東西都不能拿出這座大樓。

64. [As] time [went on], he suffered [such heavy] losses that he was
   A       B                     C
forced [giving up] his business.
         D
答案：D動詞的用法。應改為to give up。 be forced to do sth: 被迫做…..,要接不定式。

65. Mary found it [difficult] to talk [calmly] about [which] she had
                A             B           C  
[experienced] at the station.
     D
答案：C關(guān)聯(lián)詞。應改為：what。what 引導賓語從句在句中做介詞about 的賓語。

66. Some people find swimming [more enjoyable] than [to sit] [at] home
                             A              B      C 
[reading].               
  D
答案：B并列結(jié)構(gòu)。應改為sitting。sitting 和前面的swimming 并列，前后結(jié)構(gòu)要一致。

67. The law [I am referring to] requires that everyone [who] [owns] a
              A                             B   C
car [has] accident insurance.
 D
答案：D虛擬語氣。應改為 have。 suggest, insist, order, demand, request, command, require等動詞引導賓語從句時， 要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞要should (可以省略)+原形動詞。They requested that the students (should) learn the second language.他們要求學生要學第二外語。

68. The responsibility [of the manager] in [such a large] international
                     A                 B
enterprise is [far] greater than [his typist].
          C                D
答案：D并列結(jié)構(gòu)。應改為：that of his typist.

69. The course world [have been offered] this term. But is [cancelled]
                      A                        B                                                       
because too few students [had registered] before registration [closed].
                         C                     D
答案：B被動。應改為；was cancelled , 被動語態(tài)，因為cancel 是及物動詞，而后面沒有跟賓語，所以應考慮是被動語態(tài)。

70. In the days when coal was so [widely] used, [no one] realized how
                             A           B
soon and how [complete] oil would replace[it]. 
               C                  D
答案：C副詞。應改為completely。how 要修飾副詞。soon 和completely 并列。

Part IV Ctoze

Can you imagine how you would feel if you fell dangerously ill and could not reach or call a doctor? Millions of people 71 the world are in this unfortunate 72 , living in distant places 73 there are no railways, no proper roads and no telephones. Thousands of 74 are lost every year 75 could have been saved if medical attention 76 in time.

77today help could be brought quickly and easily 78 many of these people 79 full advantage was taken 80 the aero-plane. 81 country has proved this 82 than Australia. The Australians 83 greater use of the aero-plane than any 84 people in the world. In no other country 85 the total number of miles flown by the 86 person so high. In fact, it has been 87 that Australians jump into planes 88 people in other countries jump into trains and buses. It is not surprising, 89 , that Australia should have been the first country 90 a Flying Doctor Service. 

71. A. on　　B. through　　C. all over　　D. within 
答案：C固定搭配。全世界的表達方式是all over the world。

72. A. society　　B. world　　C. way　　D. position 
答案：D詞義辨析。成千上萬的人都在這不幸的處境中，position ；處境，狀況。That is difficult for a person in my position.那樣做對于處在我這種地位的人來說是困難的。We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我們目前的處境使我們可能損失一大筆錢。因此只有C的意思最合適。

73. A. where　　B. because　　C. although　　D. which 
答案：A關(guān)聯(lián)詞。where在定語從句中做狀語。

74. A. people　　B. children　　C. families　　D. lives 
答案：D詞義辨析。從上下文的意思看是“成千上萬的人的生命”。

75. A. when　　B. in which　　C. which　　D. they 
答案：C關(guān)聯(lián)詞。從語法結(jié)構(gòu)看，這里需要一個定語從句。which 在從句中做主語。

76. A. had been provided　　B. had been paid more　　C. was given　　D. was provided 
答案：A詞義辨析。attention 此處的意思是“考慮，關(guān)心，照料”，不是“注意，專心的意思，因此不用短語：pay attention to 或give attention to。而且此句是虛擬語氣，表示和過去的事實相反，因此選A。

77. A. Even　　B. But　C. Finally　　D. So 
答案：B關(guān)聯(lián)詞。從上下文的意思來， 是轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，因此用but。

78. A. from　　B. with　　C. in　　D. to 
答案：D介詞。本句的意思是“如果我們能充分利用飛機的優(yōu)勢的話，這種醫(yī)療援助就能更快、更容易帶給這些人?！币虼擞媒樵~to，表示給予。

79. A. but　　B. if only　　C. and　　D. unless 
答案：B關(guān)聯(lián)詞。根據(jù)上下文的意思，only if：只有。符合邏輯關(guān)系。

80. A. of　　B. from　C. about　　D. on 
答案：A固定搭配. take full advantage of：充分利用。

81. A. One　　B. Any　　C. Not　　D. No
答案：D否定。根據(jù)句子的意思，要在名詞country的前面加否定詞。not一般放在助動詞的后面，no一般放在名詞的前面表示否定。

82. A. better　　B. worse 　　C. more　　D. less 
答案：A比較級。“沒有一個國家在這方面比澳大利亞做的更好?！逼溆嗟囊馑季徽_。

83. A. made　　B. did　　C. were making　　D. make 
答案：D固定用法。make use of；充分利用。敘述一般的事實：“澳大利亞人比世界上任何國家的人都能充分利用飛機。”

84. A. of 　　B. else　　C. other　　D. Japanese 
答案：C習慣用法。than any other people in the world：表示比世界上其余的任何人。比較級+than +any other+單數(shù)名詞：表示“比其他的任何…都…This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.他在班里，比任何一個別的學生都好。This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.在這個店里， 這只表比其他任何一個別的表都貴。

85. A. of　　B. in　　C. are 　　D. is 
答案：D主謂一致。主語為表示距離、時間、長度、價值、金額、重量等名詞復數(shù)時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)3 kilometers is not very far. 三公里不算遠。Two hours is enough.兩個小時足夠了。

86. A. living　　B. average　　C. brave 　　D. medical 
答案：B詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下表示的意思是average person。本句為倒裝句。

87. A. suggested　　B. estimated　　C. worked out　　D. said
答案：D固定搭配。it has been said ：據(jù)說。本句的意思是：“據(jù)說澳大利亞人上飛機就像其他國家的人坐火車和公共汽車一樣?！?

88. A. when　　B. while　　C. as　　D. but 
答案：C關(guān)聯(lián)詞。as：如同…引導方式狀語從句。She speaks English as the Englishmen do.她說起英語來就像英國人說英語一樣。

89. A. therefore　　B. in a way　　C. perhaps 　　D. accordingly 
答案：A詞義辨析。therefore, 連詞，表示結(jié)果。 

90. A. of　　B. to develop　　C. made up　　D. into
答案：B詞義辨析。develop：開發(fā)，發(fā)展?！耙虼税拇罄麃喡氏葘嵭锌罩嗅t(yī)生服務，是不會讓人吃驚的。