2014年職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類練習(xí)：閱讀理解2

　　Do Patients Trust Doctors Too Much

　　Earlier this year, the American College of Surgeons, the national scientific and educational organization of surgeons conducted a nationwide survey that found that the average patient devotes an hour or less to researching his or her surgery or surgeon. While prospective patients worry about the costs or complications of an operation, they don't necessarily look for information that would address their concerns.

　　In fact, more than a third of patients who had an operation in the last five years never reviewed the credentials of the surgeon who operated. Patients are more likely to spend time researching a job change (on average, about 10 hours) or a new car (8 hours) than the operation they are about to submit to or the surgeon who wields (支配) the knife. And many patients are satisfied with the answers they receive from their surgeons or primary care doctors, whoever those individuals happen to be.

　　I felt curious about the survey, so I called Dr. Thomas Russell, executive director of the American College of Surgeons. "There is a tendency for patients not to get particularly involved and not to feel compelled to look into their surgery or surgeons."He told me.

　　There are consequences to that kind of blind trust. "Today, medicine and surgery are really team sports." Dr. Russell continued,"and the patient, as the ultimate decision maker , is the most important member of the team. Mistakes can happen, and patients have to be educated and must understand what is going on. "

　　In other words, a healthy doctor-patient relationship does not simply entail good bedside manners and responsible office management on the part of the doctor. It also requires that patients come to the relationship educated about their doctors, their illnesses and their treatment.

　　"If we are truly going to reform the health care system in the US," Dr.Russell said,"everybody has to participate actively and must educate themselves. That means doctors, nurses, other health care professionals, lawyers pharmaceutical (制藥的) companies, and insurance companies. But most of all, it means the patient."

　　Trust is important. But as Sir Francis Bacon, who was among the first to understand the importance of gathering data in science, once observed , knowledge is power.

　　31. According to the author, patients should spend more time _________.

　　A. researching the American College of Surgeons

　　B. researching their surgery or surgeons

　　C. researching new cars

　　D. researching job changes

　　32. Nowadays patients seem to have _________.

　　A. too much trust in their doctors

　　B. too much information about their doctors

　　C. too little faith in their doctors

　　D. a healthy relationship with their doctors

　　33. Medicine and surgery are now really team sports in which _________.

　　A. patients and doctors play equally important roles

　　B. the patient does not have an active role to play

　　C. doctors have the final say in almost everything

　　D. the patient has the most important role to play

　　34. It is wrong to think that a healthy doctor-patient relationship _________.

　　A. is dependent just on the doctor

　　B. is a goal that can be achieved

　　C. entails any effort on the part of the patient

　　D. is what the patient truly desires

　　35. The author does NOT believe in_________.

　　A. lots of scientific data

　　B. Francis Bacon

　　C. blind trust

　　D. too much knowledge

　　解析：

　　31.B[解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)題。從第一段和第二段的表述中我們知道，有三分之一的患者不愿花時(shí)間對(duì)手術(shù)和做手術(shù)的醫(yī)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查，這比他們?cè)趽Q一份新工作或一輛新車上花的時(shí)間還要少。

　　32.A [解析]本題是理解題。從第四段我們知道，患者對(duì)醫(yī)生有一種盲目的信任。

　　33.D [解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)題。從第四段我們知道，在治療的團(tuán)隊(duì)里，患者是最重要的成員。

　　34.A [解析]本題是理解題。文章通篇在討論的是患者對(duì)醫(yī)生及手術(shù)缺乏了解，及健康的醫(yī)患關(guān)系應(yīng)當(dāng)包含患者的參與。因此A項(xiàng)提到的健康的醫(yī)患關(guān)系只依賴醫(yī)生是錯(cuò)誤的，因此選A。

　　35.C[解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段，作者提到培根是為了驗(yàn)證知識(shí)很重要的觀點(diǎn)，因此他肯定是相信培根及培根的觀點(diǎn)的，唯獨(dú)不相信的是盲目的信任，因此選C。

　　參考譯文

　　患者太相信醫(yī)生了嗎

　　今年早些時(shí)候，全國(guó)外科醫(yī)生科研教育組織--美國(guó)外科醫(yī)生聯(lián)合會(huì)進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)全國(guó)性的調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)平均每個(gè)患者花一小時(shí)或者更少的時(shí)間研究他或者她的外科手術(shù)或外科醫(yī)生。即將入院的人會(huì)擔(dān)心手術(shù)的費(fèi)用和復(fù)雜程度，但不一定會(huì)去查找能解決他們的憂慮的信息。

　　實(shí)際上，在過(guò)去5年里動(dòng)過(guò)手術(shù)的患者中有三分之一還多的人從沒(méi)有仔細(xì)核查過(guò)為他們做手術(shù)的醫(yī)生的從業(yè)資格?；颊吒鼉A向于花時(shí)間調(diào)查一份新工作(平均花10小時(shí))或一輛新車(8小時(shí))而不是他們馬上要申請(qǐng)做的手術(shù)或向他們揮舞手術(shù)刀的醫(yī)生。而且很多患者對(duì)他們從外科醫(yī)生或者護(hù)理醫(yī)生那里得到的回答都很滿意，無(wú)論他們咨詢的對(duì)象是誰(shuí)，結(jié)果也會(huì)是這樣。

　　我對(duì)這項(xiàng)調(diào)查很感興趣，因此就打電話給美國(guó)外科醫(yī)生聯(lián)合會(huì)的行政主管Thomas Russell大夫。他告訴我："患者們確實(shí)不想?yún)⑴c過(guò)多或者不想感到被強(qiáng)迫著調(diào)查他們的手術(shù)或醫(yī)生。"

　　這種盲目的信任會(huì)導(dǎo)致幾種結(jié)果。Thomas Russell醫(yī)生繼續(xù)說(shuō)道："今天，醫(yī)療和外科手術(shù)都是團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作的。而患者是最終做決定的人，是這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)中最重要的成員。確實(shí)會(huì)有失誤，患者必須被指導(dǎo)并且了解正在進(jìn)行的事情。"

　　換而言之，一種健康的醫(yī)患關(guān)系不是簡(jiǎn)單的醫(yī)生對(duì)病人良好的態(tài)度或是對(duì)醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)任的辦公室管理機(jī)制。它還需要患者真正走入這種關(guān)系，使他們對(duì)醫(yī)生、自己患的疾病以及治療方法都有了解。

　　Russell醫(yī)生說(shuō)："如果我們真要改革美國(guó)的醫(yī)療保障制度，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該積極參與并教育自己。這對(duì)醫(yī)生、護(hù)士、其他的醫(yī)療保障老師、制藥公司的律師及保險(xiǎn)公司都有重大意義。然而，最重要的是對(duì)患者有意義。"

　　信任很重要。佛朗西斯?培根是最早理解科學(xué)上收集數(shù)據(jù)重要性的人之一。正像他曾經(jīng)觀察到的：知識(shí)就是力量。