2013年職稱英語理工類B級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案(8)

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The Development of PR

　　The rise of multinational corporations, global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.

　　Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years age, for example, the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate Planning activities, compared to about one-third of U. S. companies. It may not belong before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.

　　Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? Firstly, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall's U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.

　　Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Net-work). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.

　　36　According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because of __________.

　　A　shrinking cultural differences and new communication technologies

　　B　increased efforts of other countries in public relations

　　C　an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies

　　D　the decreasing number of multinational corporations technologies

　　37　The underlined word “provincial” (Para. 3) most probably means“__________”.

　　A　rigid in thinking

　　B　interested in world financial affairs

　　C　like people from the provinces

　　D　limited in outlook

　　38　London could soon replace New York as the centre of PR because __________.

　　A　British companies place more importance on PR than U.S. companies

　　B　British companies are heavily involved in planning activities

　　C　British companies are more ambitious than U. S.

　　D　Four of the world's top public relations agencies are British-owned

　　39　We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry __________.

　　A　enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications

　　B　speak at least one foreign language fluently

　　C　are ignorant about world geography

　　D　are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts

　　40　What lesson might be the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN? __________.

　　A　The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies.

　　B　People involved in PR should avoid suing the word “foreign”.

　　C　American PR companies should be more internationally minded.

　　D　People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.

　　參考答案：

　　36　B本題詢問的是美國在公共關(guān)系業(yè)中的領(lǐng)袖地位的原因是什么。從文章的第一段可以判斷A、D、C所涉及的三點(diǎn)是公共關(guān)系業(yè)迅速發(fā)展和增長的原因，與題意不符。而根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以肯定B為正確答案。

　　37　D這里要求猜測(cè)單詞“provincial”的意義。根據(jù)上下文，作者在指出“作為一個(gè)總體，美國人傾向provincial”，緊接著又說“(美國人)對(duì)地方事務(wù)更感興趣”，“這個(gè)國家(美國)的雇員的地理知識(shí)從來就不是那么優(yōu)秀”，可見provincial應(yīng)具有與local類似的意思，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中D“狹小的世界觀”最為貼切;而選項(xiàng)B“對(duì)世界金融事務(wù)感興趣”與以上分析相矛盾;選項(xiàng)A和C“思維刻板的”和“像來自鄉(xiāng)下的人”則無從推測(cè)。

　　38　A “不久倫敦就會(huì)代替紐約成為公共關(guān)系業(yè)的中心”是文章第二段最后得出的結(jié)論，其依據(jù)在第二段“The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities，compared to about one―third of U.S.companies.”由此可見選項(xiàng)A“英國的公司比美國的公司更強(qiáng)調(diào)公共關(guān)系的重要性”為正確答案。

　　39　D從“In the financial PR area，for instance，most Americans read the Wall Street Journal.”可以判斷A是不正確的，而從“American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language.”又可以判斷B是錯(cuò)誤的，“Knowledge of world geography，for example，has never been strong in this country.”只是說明美國人對(duì)地理知識(shí)不感興趣而不是“無知”，所以C是錯(cuò)誤的。然后聯(lián)系第二段“The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.”和本段主要講的是“美國為什么會(huì)在公共關(guān)系業(yè)落后”，可以得出結(jié)論D為正確答案。

　　40　C根據(jù)Ted Turner of CNN所聲稱的“…the word‘foreign’would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts”，可見CNN的發(fā)展方向要放眼全世界，把世界作為自己的事業(yè)的著眼點(diǎn).作者之所以引用這個(gè)例子是想以此建議“美國的公共關(guān)系公司也要更多地胸懷世界”，可見C為正確答案。

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