2013職稱英語真題原文:Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures

　環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2013年職稱英語考試押中文章一覽

　理工B級

　　第八篇

　　Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures

　　(沖刺班 第13講)

　　The vultures in question' may look ugly and threatening.but the sudden sharp l in three species of India's vultures is producing alarm rather than2 celebration ,and it presents the world wiLh a new kind of environmental 2 . The dramaLic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption LO people living in the same areas as the 3 It is also causing senous public health problems 4 the Indian sub-continenta.

　　While4 their repmation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians,vultures have 5 played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is 6 they feed on dead cows. In India,cows are sacred animals and are 7 left in the open" when they die in their thousands upon thousandss every year.

　　The disappearance of Lhe vultures has 8 an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may 9 as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region , since wild dogs are is main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species,causing an even greater problem in the 10 .

　　The need for action is 11 ,so an emergency projea has been launched to 12 a solution to this serious vutture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds' deaths and,if possible,develop a cure.

　　Large-scale vulture 13 were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India Apopulation survey at that time showed ihat the three specics of vultures had decLined 14 over 90 per cent. A11 three species are now listed as " critically endangered"a. As most vultures lay only single eggs and 15 abouL five years to reach maLurity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.

　　詞匯：

　　vulture/VAltIa，n禿鷹

　　species/1spi:Ji:z，n物種，種類

　　disrupLion /ds'r^pran/”破壞，毀壞

　　rabies /1reibi:z/n狂犬癥

　　ultimately/’Altlmath/ adv最終地

　　endanger/mUemd3a/v危及，瀕危

　　maturity /m"tjuantc/n成熟期

　　注釋：

　　l The vulture in question:討論中的禿鷹(問題)。in question意為“討論中的，考慮中的”。

　　2 ratbef than：而不是。例：Your proposal is positive rather than negative(你的提議是積極的，而不是消極的)。

　　3 the Indian sub-continent:印度次大陸

　　4 while:雖然。例：While he has published many papers，he is modest(雖然他發(fā)表了多篇論文他還是很謙虛。

　　5 thousands upon thousands:成千上萬的

　　6 in the open:在戶外，在野外

　　7 as a result:結(jié)果

　　8 listed as“criticaUy endangered”：被列為極度瀕危動物

　　練習(xí)

　　1 A decline B rise C teeth D eyes

　　2.A benefit B debate C problem D solution

　　3 A plants B birds C humans D cows

　　4.A over B with C through D across

　　5.A sometimes B long C suddenly D hardly

　　6 A who B when C because D where

　　7 A traditionally B occasionally C possibly D finally

　　8 A came from B adjusted to C resulted from D led to

　　9 A drop B increase C disappear D change

　　10A future B past C villages D moutains

　　11 A recent B urgent C frequent D rare

　　12 A neglect B use C remove D find

　　13 A cures B arrivals C deaths D journeys

　　14.A along B on C in D by

　　15.A take B adopt C consume D waste

　　答案與題解：

　　1A通篇文章都在敘述禿鷹瀕臨滅種對印度環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響，而且文章的標(biāo)題中的“dying vultures”也提供了線索。decline符合上下文的意思，是答案。nse與上下文的意思相反。 sharp teeth和sharp eyes是禿鷹的特點，但文章并未提及。

　　2 C禿鷹瀕臨滅亡，給環(huán)境帶來問題。上一句的“alarm rather than celebration” 提供了解題線索，禿鷹瀕臨滅亡對我們是一種警告而不是一件值得慶賀的事。選problem是合適的。至于debate和solution，文章并未涉及。

　　3B禿鷹數(shù)量的減少對當(dāng)?shù)鼐用袷且环N災(zāi)難。此外，對誰也是一種災(zāi)難呢7 as引出的對象是誰呢?這個對象不會是humans,plants或cows;答案是birds。

　　4 D作者原來的用詞?定是across the Indian sub-continent(整個印度次大陸)，不可能是over the Indian sub-continent(在印度次大陸上空)，withthe Indian sub-continent(與印度次大陸一起)或through the Indian sub-continent(穿越印度次大陸)。

　　5.B本段前面的句子描述r禿鷹在保護(hù)該地區(qū)的環(huán)境-作片I很大，所以禿鷹不會是時有時無( sometimes)地起作用，或突然地(suddenly)起作用，或幾乎不(hardly)起作用。只有選long(長期以來一直)起作用才合乎卜下文的意思

　　6 C為什么禿鷹會起保護(hù)環(huán)境的作用呢?本段的下半段說出了其中的原崮。牛在印度被視為神物，死后露廠1戶外，任其腐爛。禿鷹以食牛的尸體為牛，同時也清除了污染源，保護(hù)了城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村的環(huán)境。，這些句子講的是原因，所以選擇because是對的。

　　7 A文章說每年有成千上萬頭牛死亡井露尸城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村。既然是這樣，就不會是偶爾( occasionally)或可能(possibly)或最終(finally)露尸在城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村。，露尸戶外是印度的傳統(tǒng)，所以traditionally是答案。

　　8 D本段第一句表達(dá)的是閼果關(guān)系。The disappearance or Lhe vultures是聞，aIl explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals是果。四個選項中只有l(wèi)ed to(導(dǎo)致)能表達(dá)這種因果關(guān)系，所以led to是答案。

　　9 B野狗是狂犬病菌的主要攜帶者，野狗大量的出現(xiàn)當(dāng)然會增加狂犬病擴(kuò)散的危險性，而不是相反。所以選mcrease是正確的，而drop是mcrease的反義詞，小會是答案。change或disappear都脫離了上下文的意思，所以不是答案。

　　10 A狂犬病從野狗傳到人身上已經(jīng)非?？膳?，如果再傳到其他動物身上問題就更嚴(yán)重了。四個選項中，選future構(gòu)成詞組in the future(在未來)符合上下文的意思。

　　1l B從后面的“an emergency project has been launched(啟動了應(yīng)急項目)”可以推斷要選的形容詞是urgent(緊迫的)。

　　12. D啟動應(yīng)急項日是為了找到一個解決的辦法。neglect a solution，use a solution或remove a solution顯然不符合上下文的意思：find是答案。

　　13 C本段說禿鷹的數(shù)量急劇減少，已被列為瀕危物種。本題的選項cures(治療法)、arrivals(到達(dá))或joumeys(旅程)與本段后面句“Allthree species are now listed as' critically endangered'…所表達(dá)的意思接小上。選deaths，全段的意思就連貫了。因此，deaths是答案.

　　14. D在四個選項中，along，on，ln明顯不合適。hy有“到(某事物)的程度”的意思。“the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cene”的意思是“i種禿鷹的數(shù)量減少了90%以上”、

　　15. A“花費或用多少時間”英語的常用的表達(dá)法是“take. days/months，etc”。選take是正確的。其他三個選項都不合適。

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