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2013職稱英語真題原文:Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

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環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2013年職稱英語考試押中文章一覽 

  第十三篇 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

  German researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection1___2____ sudden death from cardiac arrest in Germany alone around 100.000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3____ by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have___4___ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___5____disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices___6____a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker

  Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator___7_____of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8____blood-tlow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data___9___.

  The overwhelming___10­­____of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only____11___into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use____12__ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system2." Hagen Knaf says,“____13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account3.”An old study of ECG data, based____14__600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show____15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.

  詞匯:

  defibrillator n去纖顫器

  overwhelming adj.壓倒的

  pending adj.追近的,即將發(fā)生的 pacemaker n起搏器

  cardiac adj.心臟的 linear adj.線(性)的

  implant vt植入 arrest n停止

  electrocardiogram心電圖

  render 提出…… correlation n相互關(guān)系

  disruption n.中斷 chaotic adj. 混亂的

  注釋:

  1…and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection. :本句中aimed at是過去分詞短語,作前面兩個名詞的定語,原意是“把目標瞄準……”,此處可譯為 “旨在為心臟病人提供更多保護的早期預報軟件”。

  2 anon-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system:這里that引導的是process的定語從句。as是介詞,open在此可譯為“直觀的”。本句的意思是:……能夠?qū)⑿呐K跳動的混亂模式作為一個直觀而又復雜的系統(tǒng)揭示出來的非線性處理方法。

  3 and individual variations in patients taken into account:這里在taken之前省略了與上句相同的情態(tài)動詞和助動河can be。

  練習:

  1 A come up B come up with C come up to D come up against

  2 A to B for C with D from

  3 A are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing

  4 A easily B readily C frequently D already

  5 A disease-producing B health-improving

  C life-threatening D error-correcting

  6 A take in B take after C take on D take from

  7 A capable B able C skillful D skilled

  8 A chronic B acute C recurrent D persistent

  9 A precisely B more precisely C precision D more precise

  10 A maximum B minimum C majority D minority

  11 A get B take C bring D fetch

  12 A of B with C for D in

  13 A Similarly B in this manner C Otherwise D In this way

  14 A in B for C upon D with

  15 A what B where C that D when

  答案與題解:

  L B come up with字面意思是“和……一起來到世上”,有“引起;產(chǎn)生;發(fā)明”的意思,符合上下文意思。A項是“走近”,C項是“到達”、“符合”,D項是“遇到(困難)”,均不合適。

  2 D protection與它的動詞protect -樣,后面跟介詞from或against,意為“起保護作用以免于…”,其他介詞均不合適。

  3 A此處的謂語動詞必須使用被動語態(tài),因為主語many of these cases指的是“病人”、“病例”,那就應該是“被引起的”,故其他選項使用主動語態(tài)都不合適,況且后面by的介詞短語已是一個明顯的提示。

  4 D此處要填的副詞應該表示“已經(jīng)”的意思,完成時態(tài)的謂語已經(jīng)起了提示作用,A項、B

  項都是“容易”的意思,C項是“經(jīng)?!钡囊馑迹缓线m。

  5 C從上下文看,只有C項“威脅生命的”合適,A、B、D三項分別為“致病的”、“促進健康的”、“糾錯的”,均不對。

  6 C take on表示“承擔”,符合上下文意思,其他三項分別為“接受,接收”

  7 A A項和B項均有“能夠”的意思,但用法不同,capable of (doing) sth,而able to do sth,故A項才是答案。C、D項均是“熟練的,有技能的”,但后面都要用介詞in,且在此處詞義也不舍適。

  8 B上下文的意思是“……的血液流通問題和即將發(fā)生的心臟病”,后面這一部分為前面這

  個空白暗示了必須填acute,因為其他三個選項“慢性的”、“復發(fā)性的”、“持久性的”,都與這個語境不協(xié)調(diào)。

  9 D填這個空時要注意前面謂語動詞在這里的用法,它在這里的意思相當于make,后面要求復合賓語,這里缺一個賓語補足語,顯然副詞(A、B)和名詞(c)均不適臺在這里充當賓語補足語,故只有D項合適。

  10. C選項A和B分別是指最大量、最小量或最高值、最低值,而選項C和選項D則指多數(shù)和少數(shù)。由于前面已有overwhelming(“壓倒性的”)提示,故只能用majority。

  11. B take sth. Into account是固定短語,意為“考慮,重視”,其他幾個動詞都與 into account不搭配。

  12 A make use of是固定短語,意為“利用”,其他介詞都與其不搭配。

  13 D 四個選項中A.B項均是“同樣地”的意思,c項放句首時,一般是“否則的話”的意思,這些與上下文所要表達的意思均不吻合,因為前面并沒有提到什么方法可作比較,故只有D項“用這種方法”比較合適。

  14 C base sth. n/。p。n是固定短語,表示“把……建立在……基礎上”,此處用過去分詞短語作為old study的定語,除了on/upon以外,其他介詞都與其不搭配。

  15 C此處空白需要填that個能引導賓語從句的連接詞。從賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)看,它的句子是

  完整的,所以只需填that作為純粹連接詞就行了,其他三項均要充當從句中的句子成分,且有一定意義,故不合適。

  權(quán)威發(fā)布:2013年職稱英語考試真題、試題答案、考友交流

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