2015年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級(jí)閱讀復(fù)習(xí)(9)

　　2015年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級(jí)閱讀復(fù)習(xí)

　　15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder

　　Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.

　　The disorder leaves many isolated ,ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help,the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports.

　　“Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense,persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations ,” Jerilyn Ross, the association’s president and CEO,said during a teleconference Wednesday.

　　“The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves,” Ross said.

　　Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted.”It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships,”she said.

　　People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational,Ross noted. “But they feel powerless to do anything about it,”she said.

　　Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack,director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical Scholl ,said during the teleconference.

　　“This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on,” Pollack said. “ The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to earlier childhood.”

　　The disorder also has physical symptoms , including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up,swearing ,blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering ,Ross said.

　　Among people with the disorder,75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In additon, 69 percent said they didn’t want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition,Ross said.

　　However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition,39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help,Ross noted.

　　一千五百萬美國人患有社交焦慮癥

　　一項(xiàng)新的研究調(diào)查表明，有一千五百萬美國人因患有社交焦慮癥而無法進(jìn)行正常的社交活動(dòng)和愛情生活。

　　患有這種焦慮癥的人大多感到孤獨(dú)和羞愧，而且社交焦慮癥常被誤診。根據(jù)美國焦慮癥協(xié)會(huì)的調(diào)查，有36%的社交焦慮癥患者在尋找?guī)椭?，已?jīng)有了10年或超過10年的癥狀表現(xiàn)。

　　“社交焦慮癥是指一個(gè)人對(duì)社交場合或社交活動(dòng)有著強(qiáng)烈的，持久的和非理論性的恐懼。”美國焦慮癥協(xié)會(huì)主席及總裁杰瑞恩.羅斯在星期三的電話會(huì)議上如此說道。

　　羅斯說：“這種狀況使那些患有社交焦慮癥的人逃避日常的交往甚而逃避與人接觸，因?yàn)樗麄兒ε卤辉u(píng)論，被批判或是被羞辱，這會(huì)讓他們非常尷尬?！?/P>

　　羅斯指出社交焦慮癥還會(huì)影響日常生活和工作表現(xiàn)，她說：“它還對(duì)交友和戀愛造成很大阻礙?！?/P>

　　羅斯還指出患有這種焦慮癥的人能意識(shí)到他們的恐懼過頭了并且很不理智，她說，“但是他們對(duì)此卻無能為力?！?/P>

　　社交焦慮癥可以在青少年早期發(fā)作，焦慮癥和心靈創(chuàng)傷壓力障礙中心主任及哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院精神病學(xué)教授馬克H.伯萊克在電話會(huì)議中如此說道。

　　伯萊克說：“這是一種會(huì)在患者早年開始發(fā)生作用的焦慮癥，這種疾病開始的典型年齡是青春期早期，大概12歲或13歲，而且許多人都表明自己焦慮的歷史可以追溯到更早的童年時(shí)期?！?/P>

　　這種焦慮癥還伴隨一些生理癥狀，包括心悸、喉嚨堵塞、多汗、臉紅、昏厥、發(fā)抖和口吃。

　　在社交焦慮癥患者中，有75%的人表示這種疾病影響了他們的正常行為能力。而且有69%的人表示他們不愿意人們認(rèn)為自己是瘋子，還有58%的人表示他們?yōu)榇烁械叫呃ⅰ?/P>

　　可是，只要這種疾病得到診斷和治療，情況還是會(huì)有所好轉(zhuǎn)的。羅斯指出，事實(shí)上，

　　59%的接受治療的焦慮癥患者認(rèn)為治療對(duì)他們的戀愛有積極作用。而且還有39%的人表示了解焦慮癥的治療能有效幫助病人下決心接受幫助。