2015年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類B級閱讀復(fù)習(xí)(5)

　　2015年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級閱讀復(fù)習(xí)

　　Sleep Problems Plague the Older Set

　　Older Americans often have difficulty getting a good night’s rest. It’s a huge quality-of- life problem, experts say, because contrary to popular belief, seniors require about the same amount of sleep as younger adults.

　　“Sleep problems and sleep disorders are not an inherent (固有的) part of aging,” said Dr. Harrison G. Bloom, an associate clinical professor of geriatrics (老年病學(xué)) and medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. “It’s pretty much of a myth that older people need less sleep than younger people.”

　　Yet, in a study published recently in The American Journal of Medicine, researchers found that more than half of older Americans have problems getting the sleep they need.

　　Older people tend to have “sleep fragmentation,”meaning they wake up more often during the night, said study author Dr. JulieGammack, an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatric Medicine at St. Louis University.

　　They also seem to get less “REM” sleep, the type of sleep during which rapid eye movement occurs, Bloom added.

　　It's unclear what role these naturally occurring changes in sleep patterns have on a person's quality of life, Bloom said. “What is important, though, is that older people often have actual sleep disorders and problems with sleep,” he said.

　　And, experts say, there is usually more than one cause.

　　“Sleep trouble in older adults is typically associated with acute and chronic illnesses, including specific sleep disorders like sleep apnea (呼吸暫停) and restless leg syndrome that appear with greater frequency in older populations,” said Michael V. Vitiello, a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate director of the University of Washington's Northwest Geriatric Education Center.

　　Taking multiple medications, as many older people do, can also lead to fatigue and “hypersomnia,” or being tired all the time, Bloom added.

　　Another big problem, he noted, is depression and anxiety. “Those are very commonly associated with sleep problems.”

　　Despite the prevalence (流行) of sleep difficulties in older adults, many patients aren’t getting the help they need. As a result, problems like insomnia (失眠), restlessleg syndrome and sleep apnea are underdiagnosed and undertreated, Bloom said.

　　1. Sleep problems can seriously affect one’s quality of life.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　2. It is true that older people need less sleep than younger people.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　3. Younger people in America seldom complain of sleep disorders.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　4. The number of older Americans with sleep problems is not small.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　5“Sleep fragmentation” refers to a marked lack of “REM” sleep.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　6. The causes of sleep problems in older people remain unidentified.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　7. Actions will soon be taken in America to better help people with sleep problems.

　　A. Right B.Wrong C. Notmentioned