2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第四套

更新時(shí)間：2015-12-10 11:50:58 來源：環(huán)球網(wǎng)校

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摘要　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始報(bào)名，目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對(duì)此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)匯總》，希望備考2016年

　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始報(bào)名，目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對(duì)此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)匯總》，希望備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生都能順利通關(guān)。

　　下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容講其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章面貌。(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第四套)

　　"Happy Birthday to You"

　　The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics: it won't stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, music, casual sports or slang, it's soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.

　　One theory is that it has been "advertised" and marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. (46) They are, after all, in competition with those produced by other countries.

　　Another theory, probably a more common one, is that Americhn popular culture is internationally associated with something called "the spirit of America. " (47)

　　The final theory is less complex: American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.

　　Regardless of why it spread, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many .other countries. (48) "Happy Birthday to You," for instance, is such an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered. Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found, a generation later, on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.

　　Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets,and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere. Only twenty years ago, it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes. No longer so: those bring colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion.(49)

　　The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beginning,when it was still clearly American, it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today,while stills blowing its rather American roots, it has become so well established. Rock "n" roll and its variations, country & westem music, all have more or less similar histories. They were first resisted, often in America as well, as being "low-class," and then as "a danger to our nation's youth. " (50) And then the music became accepted and was extended and developed, and exported back to the U. S.

　　A.As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.

　　B.But this theory fails to explain why American films, music, and television programs are so popular in themselves.

　　C.American in origin, informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style.

　　D.The BBC, for example, banned rock and roll until 1962.

　　E.American food has become popular around the world too.

　　F.This spirit is variously described as being young and free, optimistic and confident,informal and disrespectful.

　　46-50 BFACD

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　　Garlic

　　From early times man has used garlic (大蒜). The Bible speaks of it. The Israelites (古以色列人) were once far from home. They cried out to Moses, their leader, for the foods they loved: leeks (韭菜), onions, and garlic. The Romans, like the Israelites, loved to eat garlic. And they hung bags of garlic around their necks. _____(46) They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.

　　A similar idea is still held. Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease. Most doctors say it does no such thing. _____(47) Its smell may force people to stay far apart. At least then they can't pass germs on to each other. _____(48) What if you're in a play, for instance? Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldn't stand the garlic smell on a fellow actor's breath. Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.

　　Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic. _____(49) We now know why. It's been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth, Garlic tongue, or gums (齒齦). They go into the lungs instead. From there they are breathed out. They pass out through the skin too.

　　Strange as it seems, food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong. It all depends on how it is cooked. French cooks make a good soup with whole cloves (瓣) of garlic. They use more than thirty cloves in one bowl of soup. But they take care not to crush them. And they cook them whole. _____(50) And as the cloves cook they change in some strange way. The soup turns out to be delicious. It's not strong at all.

　　A　But no medicine, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help much

　　B　As a result, the strong oils stay in the cloves.

　　C　They say it may help in one way, though.

　　D　Many people eat garlic.

　　E　But keeping your distance can be hard at times.

　　F　They hoped it would keep away the evil eye.

　　46. F　 47. C 　48. E　 49. A 　50. B

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　　Taking a Nap During the Day

　　Medical experts say most Americans do not get 1 sleep.They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day.They are advising people to sleep lightly before 2 with other activities.

　　One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less 3 to die of disease.The study followed more than 2，300 Greek adults 4 about six years.Adult who rested for half an hour 5 three times a week had a 37 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap.

　　Study organizers said the strongest evidence was in working men.They said naps might improve 6 by mitigating tension caused by work.

　　Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the 7 of napping for many years.They urge people to 8 work,go home and have a nap before returning.In the United States,some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices.They believe this reduces in their offices.They believe this reduces 9 and accidents,and 10increases the amount of work a person can do.

　　Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times1.They say people should not carry out important duties when they feel 11 .And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap.About twenty minutes of rest is 12 you need.Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effectiveness 13 the end of the day.But experts warn that a nap 14 last no more than twenty to thirty minutes.A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep2 and waking up3 will be 15

　　詞匯：

　　Nap n.打盹 mitigate v.減價(jià)

　　urge v.催促，勸告

　　注釋：

　　1.people make more mistakes at work than at other times：人們?cè)诠ぷ?時(shí)間)中出錯(cuò)的概率比其它的時(shí)間要多。本句中的at work可以理解為during their work time.

　　2.put…into deep sleep：使……進(jìn)人深睡狀態(tài)

　　3.waking up：從上下文判斷，waking up是“自己醒過來”的意思，不是“喚醒”。

　　練習(xí)：(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第四套)

　　1.A sweet B sound C bad D enough

　　2.A checking B sharing C continuing D meeting

　　3.A lovely B likely C fondly D finely

　　4.A for B at C in D with

　　5.A at least B at most C at last D at first

　　6.A ability B health C thinking D life

　　7.A experiment B reform C idea D way

　　8.A repeat B improve C change D leave

　　9.A work B mistakes C energy D time

　　10.A never B seldom C too D also

　　11.A ready B good C sleepy D awake

　　12.A all B few C any D nothing

　　13.A unless B while C until D during

　　14.A would B may C might D should

　　15.A helpful B difficult C easy D happy

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　　答案與題解：

　　1.D本段第二句說“more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day”。引導(dǎo)我們選擇(not)enough.因?yàn)樗卟粔?，才要中?ldquo;打個(gè)盹”。選項(xiàng)A：文不對(duì)題。選項(xiàng)B：bad(sleep)與上下文不符，因?yàn)橥ㄆ恼聸]有提到過，中午打盹的原因是晚上沒有睡好。選項(xiàng)C：明顯不合乎邏輯。“由于沒有睡不好(即：晚上睡好了)，白天還要補(bǔ)睡一會(huì)兒”，于理說不通。所以，惟一合理的選擇是enough.‘

　　2.C空格2所在句子的意思是：醫(yī)學(xué)老師建議人們?cè)谶M(jìn)行其它活動(dòng)之前，最好小睡一會(huì)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有continuing(選項(xiàng)C)最接近上述的理解。

　　3.B空格3所在的句子說的是“心臟病致死”的問題，lovely，fondly和finely分別表達(dá)“可愛”、“喜歡”和“美好”的意思，明顯不對(duì)。less likely是“可能性較低一些”的意思，選擇likely符合上下文的意思。本段最后一句說，成年人白天打盹半小時(shí)，一周三次，其心臟病致死的概率比不打盹的人要低37%.這更證實(shí)了選likely是正確的。

　　4.A本句的意思是，調(diào)查進(jìn)行了六年。about six years之前要用表達(dá)一段時(shí)間的介詞for.介詞at和with明顯與about six years不搭配，而選項(xiàng)in(about six years)表達(dá)的是未來的時(shí)間，如：He will come to Beijing in one day or tw0.(他一、兩天之內(nèi)會(huì)到北京。)

　　5.A at first和at last明顯與本句的意思不符。若選at most(最多)，本句的意思成了“成年人白天打盹半小時(shí)，一周不得超過三次，其心臟病致死的概率比不打盹的人要低37%”，意思有點(diǎn)令人費(fèi)解。改說成,“一周至少三次”才說得通。所以at least是答案。

　　6.B通篇文章在闡述白天打盹有益于健康，選項(xiàng)B是答案。

　　7.C空格7所在的句子的意思是：多年來，歐洲和拉丁美洲的一些公司支持白天打盹的 ? (空格中填哪一個(gè)詞?)。很明顯，空格中填入experiment(試驗(yàn))或reform(改革)則離題太遠(yuǎn)，而way(方式)肯定沒有idea(想法)好。C是答案。

　　8.D從上下文判斷，空格8的詞應(yīng)該與“中止(work)”有關(guān)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有l(wèi)eave合乎這一條件。而其它三個(gè)選項(xiàng)repeat(重復(fù))、improve(改進(jìn))和change(改變)與后半句的go home and have a nap搭不上。

　　9.B前面一句說，美國有些公司讓職員在辦公室打個(gè)盹，這樣可以減少些事故等。填人空格9的詞應(yīng)該與accidents(事故)一樣，是一個(gè)負(fù)面意思的詞。mistakes(選項(xiàng)B)符合這個(gè)條件，是答案。reduce work/energy time都不合理。

　　10.D 打個(gè)盹有兩個(gè)好處：1)可以減少錯(cuò)誤和事故;2)可以增加工作效率。從上下文判斷，選als0最合適。t00從詞義上說也可以，但用法上有問題，因?yàn)?“…this…too increases the amount…”把t00置于動(dòng)詞increases之前很少見。never和seldom的意思與上下文不匹配。

　　11.C前半句說，“people should not carry out important dudes…”，后半句自然會(huì)想到“when they feel sleepy”。而when they feel ready good happy都說不通。

　　12.A本句的意思是：大約20分鐘的打盹是你所需要的。所以，About twenty minutes of rest is few/any/nothing you need與上述意思不符，只有About twenty minutes of rest is all you need才說得通。

　　13.C前半句說，“this(指打肫)provides extra energy and Can increase your effectiveness”后面接while unless during the end of the day不搭配，只有until(the end of the day)才是答案。

　　14.D本句的意思是：老師警告說：打盹不能(或不應(yīng)該)超過30分鐘。這題選should最合適。

　　15.B本句表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是上一句“A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep”引出的結(jié)果。打盹時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了，就會(huì)進(jìn)入深睡狀態(tài)，很難醒過來。選difficult是合適的

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　　2016職稱英語《衛(wèi)生類》語法考點(diǎn)匯總
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