2016年職稱英語(yǔ)考試《衛(wèi)生類》課堂練習(xí)(4)

2016年職稱英語(yǔ)考試《衛(wèi)生類》課堂練習(xí)匯總

   2016年職稱英語(yǔ)考試《衛(wèi)生類》課堂練習(xí)匯總，供考生參考。

　　第4部分：閱讀理解。下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Diabetes (糖尿病) and Eye Damage

　　Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes. It is the leading cause of blindness in North Americans under 65 years of age. Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin (胰島素) or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important because it moves glucose (葡萄糖), a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood. The food people eat provides the body with glucose, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood into the cells, glucose will stay in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels.

　　High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels, including the tiny blood vessels in the eye. This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病型視網(wǎng)膜病). The retina (視網(wǎng)膜) is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals. With diabetic retinopathy, some blood vessels in the retina are lost, and some of the other blood vessels begin to "leak" blood. This causes the retina to swell, and gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients (滋養(yǎng)物). Eventually, the retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace the damaged ones. Unfortunately, these new vessels are not as strong as the old ones. They are more likely to break, causing bleeding in the eye.

　　At first, people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms. As the disease gets worse, they may notice blurred (模糊的) vision, black spots or flashing lights. As time goes on, it can progress to blindness. Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy, and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.

　　Fortunately, you can reduce your risk. If you do not have diabetes, but think you may be at risk for this condition, visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes. If you do have diabetes:

　　Have frequent eye check-ups.

　　Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damage.

　　If you have high blood pressure, follow your recommended diet and medications to keep it under control. If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure, or whether your blood pressure is under control, discuss this with your doctor.

　　1 Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body

　　A without diabetes.

　　B without sugar.

　　C without insulin.

　　D without food.

　　2　The word "its" in the second paragraph refers to

　　A "the nerve's".

　　B "the blood's".

　　C "the eye's".

　　D "the retina's".

　　3　With diabetic retinopathy, the damaged blood vessels in the retina

　　A are stronger than what they used to be.

　　B cannot be properly replaced.

　　C are more likely to break than the new ones.

　　D may return to normal again.

　　4 The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is

　　A blurred vision.

　　B black spots.

　　C blindness.

　　D flashing lights.

　　5　To slow down eye damage, people with diabetes should try to

　　A use as many medications as they can.

　　B eat as little as possible.

　　C wear glasses as often as possible.

　　D keep their blood sugar under tight control

　　第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文。閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

　　Read With Greater Speed

　　Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.

　　At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects. __________(1)

　　Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring.

　　Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素). __________(2)

　　By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year.

　　As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students' brains.

　　(3)__________ This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive.

　　A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gore through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests __________(4)

　　However, some researchers still doubt the study. __________(5)

　　A　Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters

　　B　The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling

　　C　The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.

　　D　Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn't show the same progress.

　　E　The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.

　　F　They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.

　　第6部分：完形填空。閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

　　What Is Anthrax (炭疽)?

　　There's been a lot of talk about anthrax on the news lately. Some people are worried that anthrax may be connected to terrorist attacks or that terrorists may spread the germ that. (1) __________the disease. Federal officials and police are investigating this and taking (2)__________ to protect us.

　　In the meantime, it's important not to panic over anthrax. The chances that you and your family (3)__________ at risk are very tiny. One of the ways you can feel better is to learn about anthrax. When you know what it is and (4)__________ you can get it, it doesn't seem quite as scary.

　　So, what (5)__________ is anthrax?

　　Here are the facts on anthrax:

　　Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by a germ. Although it's most common in farm (6)__________, like sheep, cows, pigs, horses, and goats, there's a very small chance that people can get it, too.

　　Anthrax spores (孢子) (a version of the germ in a protective shell that can live in the soil for years) cause the disease.

　　People may get anthrax if they are exposed to anthrax (7)__________. But here's the important part: just being exposed to these spores doesn't mean that a person will get (8)__________.

　　For a person to get sick, he would have to breathe in thousands of these spores all the way into his (9)__________. Or he'd have to eat meat contaminated with anthrax or handle (10)__________ that has anthrax spores. This may sound scary, but even when a person comes . (11)__________ contact with the spores, it's unlikely that he'll get sick. (12)__________ the bacteria do not get into the skin, digestive tract, or lung, the disease won't develop.

　　Anthrax is not spread from person to person the way the flu can spread from family member to (13)__________ member or classmate to classmate.

　　Anthrax can almost always be successfully treated with antibiotics (抗生素).

　　Anthrax is very rare. Until recently, anthrax wasn't even talked about because it was so rare ―― and it still (14)__________! Even with all of the anthrax cases you are hearing about right now, a person's chances of getting anthrax are about the (15)__________ as they were before you heard about anthrax on the news - very, very low.

　　1 Araises B causes C takes D moves

　　2. A measures B ways C acts D deeds

　　3 A are B look C pose D turn

　　4 A that B what C how D whom

　　5 A namely B frankly C properly D exactly

　　6 A places B animals C households D insects

　　7 A germs B infections C risks D spores

　　8 A sick B frightened C wrong D worse

　　9 A stomach B lung C mouth D skin

　　10 A something B anything C what D which

　　11 A into B through C by D onto

　　12. A Unless B If C Although D Before

　　13 A family B other C another D community

　　14 A so B is C exists D does

　　15 A case B same C rate D scorn

　　參考答案:

　　詞匯選項(xiàng)

　　1-15 ABAAB AABBB BCADA

　　閱讀判斷

　　答案：1. A　　2. B　　3. C　　4. A　　5. B　　6. B　　7. C

　　概括大意

　　答案：C　A　E　D　B　E　C　A

　　閱讀理解

　　答案：1. C　　2. D　　3. B　　4. C　　5. D

　　補(bǔ)全短文

　　答案：1. C　　2. B　　3. E　　4. D　　5. F

　　完形填空

　　答案：

　　1. B　　2. A　　3. A　　4. C　　5. D

　　6. B　　7. D　　8. A　　9. B　　10. A

　　11. A　 12. B　 13. A　 14. B　 15. B

2015年職稱英語(yǔ)考試必備句型匯總

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