2011年自考《英語(一)》考前重點復(fù)習(xí)Unit 2

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　　Unit2(第4講―第6講)轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　Text A Taxes， Taxes， and More Taxes

　　本課主要單詞

　　1. tax n. & v. 稅(款);對…征稅

　　The government plans to increase taxes by 3 percent.

　　(政府計劃把稅收增加三個百分點。)

　　In Britain， tobacco and alcoholic drinks are heavily taxed.

　　(在英國，煙草和酒類飲品的稅收很高。)

　　income tax(所得稅) sales tax(銷售稅)

　　import tax(進(jìn)口稅) housing and land tax(房地產(chǎn)稅)

　　VAT (value-added tax)(增值稅) poll tax(人頭稅)

　　tax-collector(稅務(wù)員) tax-payer(納稅人)

　　dodge tax(逃稅，漏稅) tax-free(免稅的)

　　2. type n. 類型，種類，品種

　　v. 打字

　　No one knows why he doesn't like this type of work.(沒有人知道他為什么不喜歡這種工作。)

　　The manager asked Mary to type the letter again.(經(jīng)理要瑪麗把信重打一遍。)

　　typewriter(打字機)　　　　　　typist(打字員)

　　3. salary n. 工資　　　　v. (常用被動語態(tài))給…發(fā)薪

　　salaried adj. 拿薪水的，領(lǐng)工資的

　　She was happy to know that she would get a promotion and an increase in salary.(得知她將得到提級和加薪，她很開心。)

　　Don't worry about him， he will be salaried by a big company.(別為他擔(dān)心，一家大公司會給他發(fā)薪水。)

　　With his knowledge and experience he was bound to get a high-salaried post.(憑借他的知識和經(jīng)驗，他一定能找到一份高薪的工作。)

　　salary和 wage的區(qū)別在于：salary是指為從事非體力勞動的人按月支付的薪水，wage則通常指為從事體力勞動的人按周支付的薪水。

　　4. earn v. 掙得;贏得，獲得

　　He worked 14 hours a day in order that he could earn enough to support the family.(為了能掙足夠的錢養(yǎng)家，他每天工作十四小時。)

　　His sincerity earns him friends wherever he goes.(無論走到哪，他的真誠都能贏得朋友。)

　　5. percentage n. 百分比，百分率;比例，部分

　　percent / per cent n. 每百中，百分之…

　　The percentage of university enrollment will be greatly increased this year.(今年，大學(xué)錄取的百分比將大大提高。)

　　About 70 percent of high school graduates in Nanjing will be enrolled by universities this year.(今年，南京的高中畢業(yè)生將有百分之七十被高校錄取。)

　　6. vary vi. 變化，有不同

　　vt. 改變，使不同

　　Prices of fish vary from 70 cents a pound to one dollar a pound.(魚的價格從七十美分到一美元一磅不等。)

　　The weather in this area varies from hour to hour.(這兒的天氣時刻有變化。)

　　I didn't vary my plan at the last moment.(我在最后一刻沒有改變我的計劃。)

　　7. graduated adj.(稅)累進(jìn)的;刻度的

　　graduate v. & n. 畢業(yè);畢業(yè)生

　　graduation n. 畢業(yè)

　　As the federal government has a graduated income tax， the more you earn， the higher tax you have to pay. 因為聯(lián)邦政府實行累進(jìn)所得稅，所以，你掙的越多，繳的所得稅就越高。

　　A graduated glass will enable you to know how much water you have put into the vessel.(量杯能夠使你知道你在容器里放了多少水。)

　　He graduated from high school last year. But it was difficult for a high school graduate to find a satisfactory job.

　　(他去年高中畢業(yè)，但是高中畢業(yè)生要找一份稱心如意的工作是很困難的。)

　　After graduation she went to work in a hospital as a nurse. (畢業(yè)后，她去醫(yī)院做了一名護(hù)士。)

　　8. sale n. 出售，賣;廉價出售

　　sell v. 賣

　　Mr. Smith is now interested in my car and I hope I can make the sale today.(史密斯先生現(xiàn)在對我的汽車感興趣，我希望今天就能賣成。)

　　He sold his bike to Tom.(他把自行車賣給了湯姆。)

　　for sale(待售) on sale(上市的)

　　a clearance sale(清倉拍賣) sales department(營業(yè)部)

　　sales promotion(促銷活動) sales manager(銷售經(jīng)理)

　　salesperson / salesclerk(營業(yè)員)

　　9. charge v. 索價;指控;使充滿

　　n. 價錢;指控;負(fù)責(zé)

　　He charged me 10 yuan for a bowl of plain rice.(一碗白米飯，他要了我十塊錢。)

　　The young man was charged with stealing.(那個年輕人被指控犯了盜竊罪。)

　　Charge your glasses and drink to our friendship.(斟滿杯，為我們的友誼干杯。)

　　The charge for a front-row seat is 250 yuan.(前排座位票價250元。)

　　The police arrested him on a charge of murder.(警察以謀殺罪拘捕了他。)

　　Who will be in charge of our class when the teacher is away?(老師不在的時候，誰管我們班?)

　　10. figure n. 數(shù)字;人物;外形

　　v. 想出;算出;估計

　　He has a good head for figures.(他的數(shù)字概念很強。)

　　No one had expected that his savings could reach 5 figures in such a short time.(誰也沒料到在這么短的時間里，他的存款能達(dá)到五位數(shù)。)

　　He was an important figure in American history.(他是美國歷史上的重要人物。)

　　She was always worrying about her figure as she couldn't resist the temptation of chocolates. (她抵御不了巧克力的誘惑，所以總是擔(dān)心自己的體形。)

　　We are trying to figure out a way to help them.(我們正在想辦法幫助他們。)

　　Figure out the expenses and see if we have enough money.(算一算費用，看看我們的錢是否夠。)

　　She brought an umbrella as she figured they might need it.(她帶了一把傘，因為她估計他們會需要。)

　　11. add v. 增加，增添

　　addition n. 加 (in addition to除…之外)

　　additional adj. 附加的，另外的

　　The fire is going out， add more wood to it. (火要滅了，再加些木柴。)

　　His explanation adds to my confusion.(他的解釋使我更加糊涂。)

　　In addition to leaves， these animals eat a great deal of fruit.(除了樹葉之外，這些動物還吃大量的水果。)

　　It will take an additional two days to finish the work.(還要再花兩天時間才能完成這項工作。)

　　12. revenue n. 收入，收益;稅收

　　The manager is worrying about the drop in advertising revenue.(經(jīng)理正為廣告收入的下降著急。)

　　The loss of tax revenue in many areas is getting higher.(許多地區(qū)的稅收流失越來越嚴(yán)重。)

　　the Public Revenue(財政收入，國庫收入)

　　Inland Revenue(國內(nèi)稅收) revenue department(稅務(wù)部門)

　　13. diverse adj. 不同的;多種多樣的

　　diversity n. 多樣性;差異

　　He is a man of diverse talent.(他是一個有多種才能的人。)

　　They offered us diverse suggestions at the meeting.(他們在會上給我們提出了各種各樣的建議。)

　　His writing displays the diversities of human behavior.(他的作品展示了人類行為的多樣性。)

　　A great diversity of methods has been tried in doing this experiment.(實驗中嘗試過各種各樣的方法。)

　　14. confuse v. 使混亂，混淆

　　confusion n. 混亂，慌亂

　　What he said just now confuses all of us.(他剛才說的話把我們都弄糊涂了。)

　　Her answers have only added to his confusion.(她的回答只使他更加糊涂。)

　　15. property n. 財產(chǎn)，資產(chǎn);(房)地產(chǎn);特性，性質(zhì)

　　That car is my property， you cannot use it without my permission.(那輛車是我的財產(chǎn)，沒我的允許，你不能動用。)

　　The city is growing and property in the center is becoming more valuable.(城市在發(fā)展，市中心的房地產(chǎn)越來越有價值了。)

　　Many plants have medicinal properties.(許多植物有藥用特性。)

　　state property (國家財產(chǎn)) personal property(動產(chǎn))

　　real property / estate(不動產(chǎn)) intellectual property(知識產(chǎn)權(quán))

　　16. excise n. 國產(chǎn)稅，本國消費稅

　　exercise n.& v. 行使，運用;鍛煉;練習(xí)

　　customs n. 關(guān)稅　　(Customs 海關(guān))

　　17. fund n. 基金，?？?儲備，貯存

　　v. 提供資金，供以款項

　　We would set up a fund to help those children whose parents couldn't afford to send them to school.(我們將設(shè)立一項基金，幫助那些父母供不起他們讀書的孩子。)

　　They have a fund of knowledge and experience to draw on.(他們有豐富的知識和經(jīng)驗可利用。)

　　This research is funded by the government.(這項研究由政府提供資金。)

　　18. department n. 部，部門;系科

　　the State Department (美國)國務(wù)院　　the Department of Education 教育部

　　department store 百貨商店　　　　　the department of physics 物理系

　　19. municipal adj. 市的，市政的

　　the municipal government　　市政府

　　municipal administration　　　市政管理

　　a municipal university　　　　市立大學(xué)

　　20. complain v. 抱怨，埋怨，發(fā)牢騷，訴苦

　　complaint n. 抱怨，訴說

　　He complained to the manager about / of the poor after-service.(他對經(jīng)理抱怨說售后服務(wù)太差。)

　　She complained about / of her husband's carelessness.(她抱怨說她丈夫太粗心。)

　　The teacher complained that the students didn't work hard enough.(老師抱怨學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)不夠努力。)

　　It is a common complaint that today's children lack the sense of cooperation.(人們常常抱怨今天的孩子缺少合作意識。)

　　21. impractical adj. 不切實際的，不能實行的

　　practical adj. 實際的，可行的

　　His suggestion sounds good， but it is really impractical.(他的建議聽起來不錯，但是的確不切實際。)

　　How long will it be before this theory can be put into practical use? (這一理論還要多久才能被實際運用?)

　　22. program n. 計劃;(電視)節(jié)目;程序

　　v. 使按預(yù)定步驟工作;編程

　　They are drawing up a program of water purification.(他們正在制定一個凈水計劃。)

　　Tonight's TV programs will be very interesting.(今晚的電視節(jié)目會非常有趣。)

　　I know nothing about computer programs.(我對電腦編程一竅不通。)

　　You can program it to do different tasks at specific times.(你可以使它在特定的時間按計劃完成各項不同的任務(wù)。)

　　23. view n. 看法，觀點;視野，眼界;景色，風(fēng)景

　　v. 看待，考慮

　　He was unwilling to express his views on what had happened.(他不愿意就所發(fā)生的一切發(fā)表自己的觀點。)

　　When we stood on the top of the mountain， the whole city came into our view.(我們站在山頂時，整個城市盡收眼底。)

　　Looking out of the window， he had a fine view of the Slender West Lake.(朝窗外望去，他看到了瘦西湖的美景。)

　　Several possible buyers have come to view your car.(幾個想買車的人來看過你的車了。)

　　If you stand in his shoes to view the problem， you will come to a totally different conclusion. (如果你站在他的立場上來考慮這個問題，你會得出完全不同的結(jié)論。)

　　24. issue n. 問題，爭論點;發(fā)行

　　v. 出版，發(fā)行，頒布

　　At today's meeting we have to spend some time discussing this issue.(在今天的會上，我們得花點時間討論這個問題。)

　　The minute he got the latest issue of the sports magazine， he read it with great interest.(一拿到最新一期的體育雜志，他就津津有味地看了起來。)

　　Her first novel issued in May.(她的第一部小說于五月份出版了。)

　　He issued instructions that the prisoners should be set free.(他下令釋放犯人。)

　　25. tend v. 護(hù)理，照管

　　tend to 易于，往往會;傾向于

　　She is tending a very sick patient. (她在護(hù)理一位重病人。)

　　In addition to his full-time job， he tends a bar.(除了一份全日制的工作，他還照管一個酒吧。)

　　When you ask her more than one question， she tends to get impatient.(你問她兩個以上的問題，她往往會不耐煩。)

　　He tends to be optimistic no matter what happens.(無任發(fā)生任何事情，他總傾向于樂觀。)

　　本課主要構(gòu)詞法

　　Conversion　(轉(zhuǎn)類法──名詞和動詞相互轉(zhuǎn)類)

　　tax type salary charge

　　packet figure fund protest

　　program view issue tend

　　本課簡介

　　Taxes， Taxes， and More Taxes 介紹了美國三級政府(聯(lián)邦政府，州政府，市政府)征收的三種稅(income tax，sales tax，property tax and excise tax)。美國人對稅收的一致看法是：The taxes are too high. 這篇文章對我們了解美國社會很有幫助，值得一讀。

　　本課主要語言點

　　1. Americans often say that there are two things a person can be sure of in life： death and taxes.

　　句中的that引導(dǎo)的是一個賓語從句，例如：Everybody knows that the earth goes around the sun.(眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。)

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 他知道我不會責(zé)怪他。(He knew that I wouldn't blame him.)

　　2) 媽媽說他必須在六點以前回來。(Mother said that he had to be back before 6：00.)

　　3) 我想天氣很快會放晴。(I think that it is going to clear up soon.)

　　4) 我相信他對我說了實話。(I believe that he told me the truth.)

　　句中的a person can be sure of …是定語從句，修飾two things，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that被省去了。例如：Have you found the book you want?(你找到你要的書了嗎?)

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 他找到了他丟失的那塊表。(He found the watch he had lost.)

　　2) 這兒有很多我感興趣的書。(There are many books I am interested in.)

　　Unit2(第4講―第6講)

　　be sure of的意思是“對……確信無疑”，例如：

　　─ Is he going to call us at 9：00? (他會在九點給我們打電話嗎?)

　　─ Yes， I am sure of it. (是的，我肯定。)

　　翻譯下面的句子，掌握sure的用法：

　　1) I am sure of his sincerity. (我確信他的誠意。)

　　2) You are sure of a warm welcome.(你肯定會受到熱烈的歡迎。)

　　3) I don't know for sure whether he will come or not.(我不很確切地知道他是否會來。)

　　4) Make sure that you turn off the light when you leave.(確保在你離開時把燈關(guān)掉。)

　　5) Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you.(千萬別忘了父母對你說的話。)

　　2. Americans don't have a corner on the “death” market， but many people feel that the United States leads the world with the worst taxes.

　　have a corner的意思是“壟斷”，例如：have a corner on the cotton market (壟斷棉花市場);have a corner on the black vote(壟斷黑人選票)。有時也會見到以in 代替on的用法：have a corner in banking

　　lead在句中的意思是“走在…前列”，“在……領(lǐng)先”，“勝過”。

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) He leads his class in English.(他在班上英語學(xué)的最好。)

　　2) He led the broad jump with a leap of 26 feet.(他以26 英尺的成績在跳遠(yuǎn)中領(lǐng)先。)

　　3) Pollution still leads the list of major problems in that country.(污染仍然是那個國家的頭號嚴(yán)重問題。)

　　3. Taxes consist of money which people pay to support their government.

　　句中which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾the money.

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) This is the book that I just borrowed from the library.(這是我剛剛從圖書館借的書。)

　　2) He put the money that his mother gave him in a safe place.(他把媽媽給他的錢放在一個安全的地方。)

　　3) I don't remember where I put the CD that I bought yesterday. (我記不得把昨天買的CD放在哪兒了。)

　　consist of的意思是“由……構(gòu)成”，它與 make up of ， compose of 的區(qū)別在于：consist of不可用被動語態(tài)，而make up of和 compose of 可以用被動語態(tài)。例如：

　　1) The house consists of 6 rooms.

　　2) The medical team is made up of three doctors and a nurse.

　　3) The book is composed of 25 units.

　　4. Salaried people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries to the federal government.

　　句中who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾 people.

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) The girl who helped me with my English is our monitor.(幫助我學(xué)外語的那個女孩是我們班長。)

　　2) The man who knocked at the door just now is my next-door neighbor.(剛才敲門的那個人是我的隔壁鄰居。)

　　3) The boy who was shot to death by his classmate was only 8.(被同學(xué)開槍打死的那個男孩才八歲。)

　　在單詞部分我們已經(jīng)對percentage和percent的區(qū)別有所了解，現(xiàn)在我們再來翻譯幾個句子：

　　1) 稅率從百分之十四到百分之七十不等。(The percentage of the tax varies from 14% to 70%.)

　　2) 學(xué)生的及格率達(dá)到了百分之九十五。(The percentage of students who passed the exam reached 95%.)

　　3) 工業(yè)產(chǎn)量上漲了百分之十四。(The industrial output increased by 14%.)

　　5. It depends on their salaries.

　　depend on在句中的意思是“視……而定”。除此以外，還可表示“依靠”：“信賴”等。

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 成功與否得看你的能力和努力。(Success depends on your ability and efforts.)

　　2) Whether we can go outing depends on tomorrow's weather. (我們能否去郊游取決于明天的天氣。)

　　3) The old man depends on the government pension for a living.(那位老人靠政府的養(yǎng)老金生活。)

　　4) 他總是依賴姐姐給他做作業(yè)。(He always depends on his sister to do his homework.)

　　5) He is not to be depended on.(他不可信賴。)

　　6. With the high cost of taxes， people are not very happy on April 15， when the federal taxes are due.

　　介詞with在句中的意思是“由于，因為”。例如：With their support， we fulfilled our task ahead of time.(由于他們的幫助，我們提前完成了任務(wù)。)

　　如果僅僅有月份，沒有具體的日期，月份前用介詞in ，如果有具體的日期則用介詞on ，例如：1) He was born in May.　2) He was born on May 23.

　　句中due的意思是“到期”，例如：The books are due， I have to return them to the library. (書到期了，我得去圖書館還書。)

　　請翻譯下面的句子，注意due在不同語境下的其他意思：

　　1) The train is due to arrive at 8：00.(火車定于八點鐘到達(dá)。)

　　2) The baby is due in the middle of October.(嬰兒的預(yù)產(chǎn)期為十月中旬。)

　　3) Due attention should be paid to this work.(應(yīng)該給這項工作以適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)注。)

　　4) Old people expect to be treated with the respect due to their age.(老人們期望受到他們這個年齡的人應(yīng)得的尊敬。)

　　5) His death was due to heart attack.(他的死是由心臟病引起的。)

　　7. Some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal government.

　　句中的that用來代替the加前述名詞tax，以免重復(fù)。

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 南京的天氣比青島的天氣熱。(The weather of Nanjing is hotter than that of Qingdao.)

　　2) 黃金的價格比白銀的價格要高。(The price of gold is higher than that of silver.)

　　8. Other states have a sales tax， which is a percentage charged to any item which you buy in that state.

　　句中前一個which 引導(dǎo)的是一個非限定性定語從句，修飾sales tax.非限定性定語從句通常在句中起進(jìn)一步說明作用，既可修飾先行詞也可修飾整個句子。如果省去，原句意義不受影響。非限定性定語從句有逗號與主句隔開;關(guān)系代詞不可用that，而用who， whom， whose來修飾人，用which來修飾物，并且不能省略。

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) The sun warms the earth， which makes it possible for plants and animals to live.(太陽溫暖了大地，這才使動植物有可能生長。)

　　2) He failed the exam， which made him very disappointed.(他考試沒及格，這使他非常失望。)

　　3) He has a son， who is doing his PH.D in the United States.(他有一個兒子，在美國讀博士學(xué)位。)

　　句中后一個which引導(dǎo)的是一個限定性定語從句，修飾any item.但是傳統(tǒng)語法中通常有這樣的規(guī)定：當(dāng)先行詞是all，everything，something，nothing等不定代詞，或被first，only，few，much，some，any，no以及形容詞最高級等詞修飾時，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞that，不用which.例如：I am interested in all that you told me.

　　9. The cities use these funds for education， police and fire department， public works and municipal buildings.

　　work 用作單數(shù)時，通常指工作，例如：I have a lot of work to do this afternoon.

　　用作復(fù)數(shù)時，works則指　1)著作：The Complete Works of Mao Zetong(《毛澤東全集》)　2)工程：public works(公共建筑工程，市政工程)

　　10. They say that it spends too much on useless and impractical programs.

　　spend too much (money) on sth的意思是“把太多的錢花在……”，例如：He would spend some money on books every month……(他每個月都花一些錢買書。)

　　我們常常會碰到的另一個詞組spend some time (in) doing sth.的意思是“花時間做某事”，例如：He spent a lot of time doing the experiment.(他花了很多時間做實驗。)

　　在英語學(xué)習(xí)中，我們還要注意pay，cost和spend在用法上的區(qū)別。請注意下面的句子：

　　1) Tom paid 20 dollars for that T-shirt.

　　2) The T-shirt cost Tom 20 dollars.

　　3) Tom spent 20 dollars on that T-shirt.

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 我借給他的那本新字典花了我三十多塊錢。(The dictionary I lent him cost me more than 30 yuan.)

　　2) 把這輛自行車修一修要花很多錢嗎?(Does it cost much to get this bike repaired?)

　　3) 在過去的幾年中，這家工廠花了很多錢改善工作條件。(In the past few years， the factory has spent a lot of money improving the working conditions.)

　　4) 她不喜歡把錢花在華而不實的服裝上。(She doesn't like to spend money on fancy clothes.)

　　5) 買這部手機你花了多少錢?(How much money did you pay for this self-phone?)

　　6) 她花了一百多塊錢買那雙鞋。(She paid more than a hundred for that pair of shoes.)

　　本課主要詞組

　　1. be sure of 2. have a corner

　　3. consist of 4. vary from

　　5. depend on 6. a packet of

　　7. in addition to 8. complain about

　　9. in the wrong way 10. spend…on

　　11. tend to 12. agree on

　　本課主要句型

　　A. 賓語從句：

　　1) Americans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of.

　　2) …but many people feel that the United States lead the world with the worst taxes.

　　3) …they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes.

　　4) They often protest that the government uses their tax dollars in the wrong way.

　　5) They say that it spends too much on useless and practical programs.

　　B. 定語從句：

　　1) Taxes consist of money which people pay to support their government.

　　2) Salaried people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries to the federal government.

　　3) Other states have a sales tax， which is a percentage charged to any item which you buy in that state.

　　4) …people who own a home have to pay taxes on it…

　　5) …and excise tax， which is charged on cars in a city.

　　美國五十個州

　　A. The New England States (6)

　　1. Maine (緬因) 2. New Hampshire*(新罕布什爾)

　　3. Vermont(佛蒙特) 4. Massachusetts*(馬薩諸塞)

　　5. Connecticut*(康涅狄格) 6. Rhode Island*(羅得島)

　　B. The Middle Atlantic States (7)

　　7. New York*(紐約) 8. Pennsylvania*(賓夕法尼亞)

　　9. New Jersey*(新澤西) 10. Delaware*(特拉華)

　　11. Maryland* (馬里蘭) 12. Virginia*(弗吉尼亞)

　　13. West Virginia(西弗吉尼亞)

　　C. The Southern Atlantic States (11)

　　14. North Carolina* (北卡羅來納) 15. South Carolina*(南卡羅來納)

　　16. Georgia*(佐治亞) 17. Florida(佛羅里達(dá))

　　18. Alabama(亞拉巴馬) 19. Mississippi(密西西比)

　　20. Tennessee (田納西) 21. Louisiana(路易斯安那)

　　22. Arkansas(阿肯色) 23. Texas(得克薩斯)

　　24. Oklahoma(俄克拉何馬)

　　D. The Central States (13)

　　25. Wisconsin (威斯康星) 26. Illinois(伊利諾斯)

　　27. Kentucky(肯塔基) 28. Indiana(印第安那)

　　29. Ohio(俄亥俄) 30. Michigan(密執(zhí)安)

　　31. Minnesota(明尼蘇達(dá)) 32. Iowa(衣阿華)

　　33. Missouri(密蘇里) 34. North Dakota(北達(dá)科他)

　　35. South Dakota(南達(dá)科他) 36. Nebraska(內(nèi)布拉斯加)

　　37. Kansas(堪薩斯)

　　E. The Western States (13)

　　38. Washington(華盛頓) 39. Oregon(俄勒岡)

　　40. California(加利福尼亞) 41. Montana(蒙大拿)

　　42. Idaho(愛達(dá)荷) 43. Nevada(內(nèi)華達(dá))

　　44. Utah(猶他) 45. Arizona(亞歷桑那)

　　46. Wyoming(懷俄明) 47. Colorado(科羅拉多)

　　48. New Mexico(新墨西哥) 49. Alaska(阿拉斯加)

　　50. Hawaii(夏威夷)

　　(注：有*者曾為英國在北美的十三個殖民地，也是美國最早的十三個州。)

　　Text B Advertising

　　短語表達(dá)

　　1. attract attention　吸引注意

　　He talked loudly to attract attention.(他大聲說話以吸引注意。)

　　2. for the most part　在很大程度上，多半

　　These cars， for the most part， are made in China.(這些汽車多半產(chǎn)于中國。)

　　3. persuade sb. to do sth.　勸某人做某事

　　be persuaded to do sth.　被勸說做某事

　　The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.(醫(yī)生勸我父親戒煙。)

　　The young man was persuaded to take up that job.(那個年輕人被勸說接受那份工作。)

　　4. a large amount of　一大筆

　　He borrowed a large amount of money from the bank.(他向銀行借了一大筆錢。)

　　5. put out　發(fā)布，公布;出版;廣播

　　The article was put out in a national magazine to reach a larger audience.(為了能影響更多的讀者，文章被登發(fā)在一份國家級雜志上。)

　　This newspaper is put out every day.(這份報紙每天出版。)

　　The weather forecast has just put out a storm.(天氣預(yù)報剛剛發(fā)出了暴風(fēng)警報。)

　　6. be characteristic of　為…所特有，是…的特征

　　Rainy days are characteristic of March.(多雨的日子為三月所特有。)

　　7. catch the eye　引人注目

　　The beautiful blue dress in the window caught her eye when she passed the store.(她經(jīng)過那家商店時，櫥窗里漂亮的蘭色連衣裙吸引了她。)

　　8. identify with　與一致;認(rèn)為…等同于;跟…發(fā)生共鳴，同情;(無意識地)仿效

　　His idea identifies with mine.(他的觀點和我的觀點相同。)

　　Never identify personal opinions with facts.(切莫把個人觀點與事實等同起來。)

　　All the money came from those who identified with him.(所有的錢都來自于那些同情他的人。)

　　Children usually identify themselves with their parents.(孩子往往會仿效自己的父母。)

　　9. carry over　繼續(xù)下去，遺留下來

　　The report was carried over to the next page.(報告轉(zhuǎn)入下一頁。)

　　His habit carries over from his childhood. (他的習(xí)慣從小保留至今。)

　　10. as well as　和，也

　　Women， as well as men， have the right to work.(婦女和男人一樣有工作的權(quán)利。)

　　11. over and over again　反復(fù)

　　He mentioned the incident over and over again， which really bored me to death.(他反復(fù)提及那件事，真把我煩死了。)

　　12. put up with　忍受

　　Both water pollution and air pollution are becoming more and more serious but we have to put up with them at the moment.(水污染和空氣污染都在變得越來越嚴(yán)重，但是我們暫時只好忍著。)

　　13. be responsible for　為…負(fù)責(zé)

　　It is not yet clear who should be responsible for the accident.(誰該對這起事故負(fù)責(zé)現(xiàn)在還不清楚。)

　　14. decide on　決定，選定

　　They decided on their plan of action after hours of discussion.(經(jīng)過數(shù)小時的討論，他們決定了行動計劃。)

　　15. be involved in　參與，介入

　　He quitted his job as he no longer wanted to be involved in politics.(他不想再介入政治便辭去了工作。)

?2011年4月自學(xué)考試成績查詢時間及方式匯總