From the forest elephants of Africa, to India’s tigers and even our own harbour seals, wildlife is losing the battle for survival all over the world。

無(wú)論是非洲森林象、孟加拉虎(又名印度虎)還是斑海豹，世界上所有的野生動(dòng)物時(shí)時(shí)刻刻都在面臨著生存的威脅。

Exotic mammals such as the magnificent big cats are under the greatest threat, but even here in Britain numbers of once-familiar species have collapsed。

除了諸如大型貓科動(dòng)物之類(lèi)的哺乳動(dòng)物數(shù)量稀少外，很多曾經(jīng)很常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)物數(shù)量也在銳減。

And responsible for this dramatic decline is man. In fact, humankind’s ever-growing need for land and resources, coupled with hunting and poaching, has halved the number of wild animals in world in just 40 years, according to a shocking report. The Living Planet Report by WWF and the Zoological Society of London has found that wildlife populations around the globe have declined by 52 per cent on average since 1970.

而人類(lèi)是造成這種情況的罪魁禍?zhǔn)�。根�?jù)世界自然基金會(huì)和倫敦動(dòng)物學(xué)會(huì)最新發(fā)布的《地球生命力報(bào)告2014》顯示，人類(lèi)對(duì)土地、資源日益增長(zhǎng)的需求，以及非法獵捕等活動(dòng)，已經(jīng)讓世界的野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量在40年內(nèi)減少了一半。該報(bào)告稱(chēng)，自1970年，全球野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量平均減少了52%。

The authors compiled data on 10,380 animal populations, including 3,038 different species, as an index to judge how global wildlife is faring as a whole。

報(bào)告的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)包括動(dòng)物總量為10380，涉及3038個(gè)種類(lèi)，以此作為整體判斷全球野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量變化趨勢(shì)的一個(gè)索引。

It shows that British animals have not escaped the global decline。

報(bào)告顯示英國(guó)境內(nèi)的許多動(dòng)物數(shù)量也在不斷減少。

The audit, which is published every two years, found that 90 per cent of corn buntings, a bird once often seen perched on fences, have disappeared from our countryside。

該項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)每?jī)赡赀M(jìn)行一次，今年的統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，過(guò)去經(jīng)常棲息在圍欄上的一種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)---黍鹀，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)消失了90%。

The number of northern lapwings – another once-familiar sight on farmland – have fallen 60 per cent and grey partridges have halved in number. Harbour seals have declined by 40 per cent in the last decade alone in Orkney and Shetland, killed off by disease and measures to protect salmon farms。

另一種以前常見(jiàn)于鄉(xiāng)村的禽類(lèi)---鳳頭麥雞的數(shù)量減少了60%，還有，灰山鶉的數(shù)量減少了一半。僅在過(guò)去十年中，奧克尼郡和設(shè)得蘭群島的斑海豹數(shù)量就減少了40%，這些斑海豹或者因?yàn)榧膊』蛘咭驗(yàn)楸Ｗo(hù)鮭魚(yú)養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)而被殺。

The global picture is worst for freshwater creatures such as amphibians, river fish and mammals, with average population declines of 76 per cent between 1970 and 2010, says the latest data available. Land-dwelling animals declined by 39 per cent over the same period and sea creatures fell 39 per cent, the report found。

從全球來(lái)看，淡水生物如兩棲動(dòng)物、淡水魚(yú)和哺乳動(dòng)物等的狀況更糟，最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，1970年至2010年間其平均數(shù)量減少了76%。報(bào)告表明同時(shí)期內(nèi)陸棲動(dòng)物和海洋生物的數(shù)量都減少了39%。

The authors said the main threats to wildlife are loss or damage to their habitat and exploitation through hunting and fishing。

報(bào)告的作者稱(chēng)，野生動(dòng)物面臨的最大威脅來(lái)自于人類(lèi)打獵和捕魚(yú)對(duì)動(dòng)物們的棲息地和活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所造成的占用和破壞。

They also warned that humans are using resources faster than the planet can provide, cutting down forests too quickly, overfishing and pumping out pollution faster than the world can cope with it。同時(shí)他們還警告稱(chēng)，人類(lèi)獲取資源的速度已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了地球可以提供資源的速度，過(guò)度伐木、過(guò)度捕魚(yú)、過(guò)度污染等，都大大超過(guò)了地球的承受能力。

Professor Ken Norris, director of science at Zoological Society of London (ZSL)， said: ‘The scale of biodiversity loss and damage to the very ecosystems that are essential to our existence is alarming. This damage is not inevitable, but a consequence of the way we choose to live.’

倫敦動(dòng)物學(xué)會(huì)的科學(xué)總監(jiān)肯·諾里斯教授說(shuō)：“生物多樣性的不斷下降，人類(lèi)賴(lài)以生存的生態(tài)環(huán)境持續(xù)遭到破壞，這都為我們敲響了警鐘。這些情況不是不可避免的，只是人類(lèi)選擇的生活方式所導(dǎo)致的。”