公共英語二級考試復(fù)習(xí)資料:就餐
第七課: 就餐
一.相關(guān)文化背景介紹
(一)關(guān)于神經(jīng)性厭食癥
神經(jīng)性厭食癥,也稱為厭食癥,它是一種病人自己有意造成的體重明顯下降至正常生理標準體重以下,并極力維持這種狀態(tài)的一種心理障礙。神經(jīng)性厭食癥的主要癥狀是無休止境減少體重,懼怕體重增加,聞胖“色”變。雖然該病名稱為厭食癥,但此類病人并非沒有食欲,或更確切地講不是“吃不下飯”而是不敢吃。神經(jīng)性厭食癥會產(chǎn)生嚴重的營養(yǎng)不良,從而造成機體功能的下降,如嚴重貧血、心率慢、易感染,從而威脅到生命。
(二)關(guān)于餐館小費的付法
由于各個國家和地區(qū)的文化傳統(tǒng)迥然有異,風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣更是復(fù)雜多樣,因此對小費的態(tài)度自然也有不同。但總體上,這種做法是對服務(wù)人員的一種尊敬。如在中國??吹饺缦乱恍┳龇ǎ簬紊峡鄢棋X后的金額,取其20%作為侍者的小費,酒錢的8%作為送酒侍者的小費,最小金額為10元;如果領(lǐng)班為你找到一張?zhí)貏e好的桌子,給他20或50元;保管大衣的人10元,寄放東西給20元;如果女用洗手間管理員為你做了一些特別服務(wù),給她20元左右;看門的人幫你叫來出租車給10元或20元。
二、 課文講析
(一)詞匯
1 terrible 極壞的,很糟的
考點:a terrible storm 一場可怕的風(fēng)暴 terrible responsibilities 極重大的責(zé)任
2 complain 控訴,抱怨
考點:complain about sth 抱怨某事
3 overcharge 要價過高
4 apologize 謝罪,道歉
考點:apologize for 為… …而道歉 apologize for oneself 為自己辯解或辯護
5 charge 要(價),收(費)
考點:charge sb. for sth. 因… …向某人要價
6 disappoint 使失望
考點:be disappoint in sb./sth. 對某人或某事失望
be disappoint of one’s purpose 目的落空
7 lay 放置
考點:lay on 提供;給… …以責(zé)任,問題 lay out 布置;大道,擊倒
8 remove 去掉;移走
考點:be removed from 與… …遠離,與… …疏遠
be removed from school 被開除,被勒令退學(xué)
9 escape 逃跑
考點:escape from 從… …逃脫,幸免與
(三)短語
1 no wonder 怪不得
表示前面所說的原因?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果,說話者有恍然大悟的感覺。
e.g. He is sick, no wonder he doesn’t come today!
No wonder he bought a new car! He got money from the prize.
2 show sb around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀
around 后面通常接地點,表示周圍的地區(qū)或建筑物。
e.g. Would you like to show me around the city ?
Sorry, I don’t have time to show you around my factory now .
3 be fond of 喜歡
后接名詞或動名詞,指“喜歡做某事”。
e.g. I am fond of playing basketball , how about you ?
John is fond of Chinese food very much .
4 spend some time doing sth 花費時間做某事
后面必須接動名詞形式,不可接不定式。
e.g I spend a lot of time cleaning my room .
How much do you spend time reading this novel?
5 in the open air 在露天
如果是詞組in the air , 則意思完全不同,指“流行的;不確定的”。
e.g It’s funny to cook meals in the open air .
My schedule is still in the air .
(三)句型
1 A barbecue set usually has a tray four or five inches in depth, in which the charcoal burns, a metal grill to cover the tray, and several long metal rods, called skewers, which hold the food.
譯文:一套燒烤野餐餐具要有一個四五英寸深度的托盤,里面可以燒炭,一個金屬燒烤搭在托盤上,還有幾個長的金屬桿,被稱為烤肉桿,可以串著肉。
講解:詞組in depth 與名詞deepness 同義,指“深度”。In which 相當于關(guān)系副詞where,引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句,修飾tray ,第二個which 修飾的是skewers .
e.g I like this bag very much , in which I can put many things .
2 Put little balls of paper among the charcoal so as to make a good fire , but wait until it is hot and smokeless before cooking .
譯文:把小的球狀物的紙團放到木炭周圍是為了較好的燃燒,但是要一直等到木炭變紅、變熱和無煙的時候,才能燒烤。
講解:這是兩個祈使句,以動詞put 和wait 開頭。Until 等同于till 指“直到… …的時候”。So as to do st指“為了做某事”,相當于in order to do sth 。
e.g. He studies hard so as to enter this famous university .
3 Although this barbecued meal , cooked and served in the open air , is
excellent by itself , there are two ways by which it might be improved .
譯文:雖然這個在露天燒烤,享用的野餐自身來說還是極好的,但有兩個方法或許可以改善它。
講解:cooked 和served 都是過去分詞做meal 的定語。By which 引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,修飾ways 。by itself 指“本身”,by oneself 指“單獨地,獨自地”。
e.g. I went to Japan one year ago by myself .
三、 常考語法
讓步狀語從句
1 表示讓步的狀語從句可以由although , even if , even though , whether 等詞引導(dǎo)。
e.g. We’ll try to finish the work in time though / although we are short of manpower .
Granted that they weren’t doing it in the right way , you weren’t right in taking everything on yourself.
You mustn’t be conceited even if you ‘re achieved great successes .
We’ll carry on the work whether we can get the machines we need .
2 由as , though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表讓步,此時由as , though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句是表語或狀語提前(形容詞、副詞 、分詞、實義動詞提前)
e.g Exhausted though she was , there was no hope of her being able to sleep .
Poor as he was , he was honest .
Try as I might , I couldn’t lift the stone .
3 “no matter + 疑問句”或“疑問句 + ever ”亦可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,具有“不論”、“不管”的意思。
.e.g No matter what happened , Tom would not mind .
Whatever happened , Tom would not mind.
四、 口試必備用語
在飯店、餐館等場合就餐時,侍者或朋友可以有如下詢問:
1 Will you have some beer , Mr wang ?
2 Can I give you something else , Madam ?
3 What would you like for eat ?
4 What would you like for dessert ?
5 Are you ready to order ?
6 Do you want some fruit ?
7 Do you want something to drink ?
根據(jù)自己的需要,作出相應(yīng)的回答。
1 I’d like some steak .
2 I’ll have some beer , please .
3 Yes , please . I want an apple .
4 A small glass of whisky , please .
5 No , thank you . I don’t need anything else .
6 I’d like to try this soup .
結(jié)帳時可以說:
1 Can I pay by credit card ?
2 Here you are .
3 Sorry , we only take cash .
4 Here is your charge . (環(huán)球網(wǎng)校獨家資料,如需轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處)
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