2014年職稱英語(衛(wèi)生類)教材補(bǔ)全短文文章及譯文3

　　What Makes Me the Weight I Am?

　　There’s no easy answer to this question. Your genetic makeup, the physical traits that get passed down1 to you from your parents, plays a big part in determining your size and weight.

　　1 But if your parents are smaller than average, you may want to rethink that professiona1basketball career!2

　　The same goes for your body type.3 Have you ever heard someone say a person is “big boned4”? It’ s a way of saying a person has a large frame, or skeleton. Big bones usually weigh more than small bones. ____2 ___

　　Like your height or body type, your genes have a lot to say6 about what your weight wi11 be. But that's on1y part of the story. Being overweight can run in someone's farnily, but it may not be because of their genes.7―___3__ And even though some kids gain weight more easily than others, when they eat right and exercise , most kids can be a hea1thy and happy weight that's right for them. It' s true ― the way you live can change the way you look.

　　How much you weigh is a ba1ance between calories you eat and the calories you use.

　　4 If you spend your free time watching TV, your body won’t use as many calories as it would if you played basketball, skated, or went for a walk. If you are in balance, your weight will stay right for you as you grow. But if you eat more and exercise less, you may become overweight. 5

　　詞匯：

　　genetic /d??'net?k/ adj.遺傳(性)的;基因的

　　makeup /me?k?p/ n.組成;構(gòu)造

　　trait /treit /n.特征,特點(diǎn),特性

　　rethink /ri?'θ??k/ vi.再想,重新思考

　　注釋：

　　1.get passed down ：被遺傳下來

　　2.But if your parents are smaller than average, you may want to rethink that professional basketball career!但是如果你的父母比一般人的個頭矮小的話,你也許會重新考慮是否還要當(dāng)職業(yè)籃球運(yùn)動員。

　　3.The same goes for your body type.你的體型也是如此。

　　4.big boned：骨骼大的,寬肩

　　5.That’s why it’s possible for two kids with the same height, but different weights, to both be the right weight.正因?yàn)檫@樣,兩個身高相同、體重不同的孩子卻有可能體重均正常。

　　6.have a lot to say：起很大作用

　　7.Being overweight can run in someone’s family, but it may not be because of their genes.身體超重有可能在家族中代代相傳,但這也許并非基因所致。

　　8.lose weight:體重減輕,變瘦

　　練習(xí)：

　　A. That’s why it’s possible for two kids with the same height, but different weights, to both be the right weight.5

　　B. If you eat more calories than your body needs to use, you will gain too much weight.

　　C. Poor eating and exercise habits also run in families and this may be the reason the members of a family are overweight.

　　D. However, many overweight people have difficulty reaching their healthy body weight.

　　E. On the other hand, if you eat less and exercise more, you may lose weight8.

　　F. If both your parents are tall, there is a good chance you’ll be tall.

　　答案與題解:

　　1. F文章開頭表明,一個人的基因構(gòu)成,即父母遺傳給他的身體特征,很大程度上決定了他的身高和體重。接下來的句子應(yīng)是對此論點(diǎn)的具體闡釋:說明父母高矮與你的關(guān)系。

　　2.A前兩句表明,人的骨骼有大小之分,而大骨骼通常比小骨骼要重,因此才有可能出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象,即身高相同、體重不同的兩個孩子體重均正常。

　　3.C前一句講,身體超重有可能在家族中代代相傳,但又不是基因遺傳所致,接下來的句子就應(yīng)說明其原因,即不良的飲食習(xí)慣與運(yùn)動習(xí)慣也代代相傳,而這正可能是家族成員普遍超重的原因。

　　4.B前一句講,一個人的體重體現(xiàn)的是所攝入熱量與所消耗熱量之間的平衡。由此可以推斷,攝入的熱量如果超過了身體的需要,就會超重。

　　5.E前一句表明,如果一個人吃得多而運(yùn)動得少,就有可能超重。“反之亦然”，即“吃得少而運(yùn)動得多,體重就會減輕”，這顯然應(yīng)該是下一句所表達(dá)的意思。

　　譯文：什么造成我現(xiàn)在的體重?

　　要回答這個問題并不容易。你的基因構(gòu)成、你父母遺傳給你的身體特征在決定你的體型與體重中起了很大的作用。如果你的父母都高的話，那你很有可能會長得高。如果你的父母比一般人個頭矮小的話，你或許應(yīng)當(dāng)重新考慮是否還要當(dāng)籃球運(yùn)動員。

　　你的體型也是如此。你曾聽過有人說別人是“大骨架”嗎?這就是說這個人體形魁梧或者骨架大。大骨骼通常比小骨骼要重。正因?yàn)檫@樣，兩個身高相同、體重不同的孩子卻有可能體重均正常。

　　像你的身高和體型一樣，基因?qū)δ愕捏w重也起了很大的作用。但那只是部分原因。身體超重可能在家族中代代相傳，不過這也許并非基因所致。不良的飲食習(xí)慣和運(yùn)動習(xí)慣也代代相傳，而這也正可能是家族成員普遍超重的原因。盡管有些孩子比別人容易增重，但如果他們控制飲食、適量運(yùn)動，大多數(shù)孩子都能保持健康適宜的體重。你的生活方式能改變你的樣子――這是真的。

　　一個人的體重體現(xiàn)的是所攝入熱量與消耗能量之間的平衡。如果攝入熱量超過身體所需就會超重。如果你把空閑時間用來看電視，你就不可能像去打籃球、滑冰、散步那樣消耗更多的熱量。如果你的熱量攝入與消耗持平，你的體重將隨著你的成長而保持適宜。但如果你吃得多而運(yùn)動少，你就有可能超重。反之，如果你吃得少而運(yùn)動多，體重就會減輕。