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2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀理解文章及譯文16

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摘要 為了方便廣大考生備考,環(huán)球網(wǎng)校特地整理了教材上的素材,供大家練習(xí)/選讀,希望對大家復(fù)習(xí)有所幫助。

  點擊進入:2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀理解文章匯總

  Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth

  In what resembles a journey to the center of the Earth, Japanese scientists have launched the world’s first attempt to bore a hole into the red-hot core of a volcano and unlock the secrets of deadly eruption.

  A 50-meter-high oil-rig-like derrick perched on the scrubby slopes of Japan’s Mount Unzen will begin drilling through the volcano’s crust next week in a bid1 to sample the magma bubbling below2.

  The aim is to study how the liquefied rock causes menacing gas buildup, said team leader Setsuya Nakata, of the University of Tokyo’s Earthquake Research Institute.

  “Gassing is important because it controls the explosivity of eruptions,” Nakata said. “The results can be expanded to anti-disaster research.”

  Mount Unzen , a wind-swept 1.486-meter dome on the southern island of Kyushu, is a perfect model. It erupted in 1991, showering avalanches of hot rocks over a nearby town, killing 43 people and leaving nearly 2,300 homeless. Another 11.000 people were evacuated from the area until 1995, when the volcano had stabilized.

  The results are particularly important to a nation like Japan, where the meteorological agency monitors 20 dangerous peaks. Perhaps Japan’s most famous volcano is snowcapped Mount Fuji, which last erupted in 1707 and sprinkled Tokyo with ash.

  The drilling on Mount Unzen will begin very soon from an altitude of 850 meters on its northwest slope. Scientists hope to tap a magma vent around sea level by August and extract a 200-meter-long core sample by summer 2004.3

  Boring into the glowing magma at that level would normally be impossible, because of its fiery 700 degree Celsius heat. Thus, a slurry of water will be pumped into the drill shaft to cool the magma and allow the drill head to cut through.

  Nakata said there is no danger of triggering another eruption.

  詞匯:

  rig 鉆探平臺 explosivity 爆炸性

  derrick 鉆塔 avalanche 雪崩

  perch 位于 evacuate 疏散

  scrubby 長滿矮樹叢的 stabilize 穩(wěn)定

  crust 地殼 meteorological 氣象的

  unlock 解開 vent 出口

  bubble 冒氣,沸騰 sprinkle 撒

  liquefy 液化 magma 巖漿 menace 威脅

  slurry 泥漿 dome 圓頂 shaft 立井

  注釋:

  1. in a bid: 企圖,努力 a在 in a bid之后,可接動詞不定式,如 : The two sides negotiated again and again in a bid to find a solution. 雙方進行一次又一次的談判,努力尋求一個解決方案。

  2.below: below指的是 below the crust。

  3.Scientists hope to tap a magma vent around sea level by August and extract a 200-mcterlong core sample by summer 2004:到 8月底,科學(xué)家希望在約為海平面高度的地方引出一個巖漿口,到 2004年夏末,提取長度為 200米的樣本。

  4. Nakata said there is 110 danger of triggering another eruption: Nakata說,不存在引發(fā)火山新一輪爆發(fā)的危險性。

  練習(xí):

  1. According to the passage, Mount Unzen

  A erupted in 1707.

  B erupted in 1991.

  C erupted in 1995.

  D several times in the last century.

  2. According to the passage, the study of the Mount Unzen volcano may benefit Japan in all the following aspects EXCEPT

  A finding causes of volcano eruptions.

  B helping to launch anti-disaster research.

  C looking into the connection between liquified rocks and gas buildup.

  D predicting volcano eruptions.

  3.Why is this research project so important to Japan?

  A. Because Japan has many living volcanos.

  B Because Japan wants to turn Mount Fuji to a dead volcano.

  C Because volcano gas could be a source of energy.

  D Because Japan is testing a new way of drilling into the earth.

  4. The drilling site on Mount Unzen is

  A around the sea level.

  B on the northeast slope of the mountain.

  C about half way up the mountain.

  D as high as 1,486 meters.

  5. The title of this passage Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth actually means that they

  A drill a hole into the core of a volcano.

  B bore into the rocks near the volcanic vent.

  C conduct an imagery journey to the core of a volcano.

  D regard magma as the core of Earth.

  答案與題解 :

  1. B答案的根據(jù)在第五段。

  2. D 選項 A是這個研究項目的主要宗旨(見第一段的“ unlock the secrets of deadly eruption”),選項 B是這個研究項目的后續(xù)研究項目(見第四段的“ The results can be expanded to anti-disaster research.”)。選項 C是這個研究項目的具體目標(biāo)(見第三段的第一句)。選項 D文中沒有提到,所以是答案。

  3. A答案的根據(jù)是第六段的第一句。這一句說到 : “… the meteorological agency monitors 20 dangerous peaks. ” dangerous peaks指的是 dangerous living vocanos。

  4. C Mount Unzen高 1486米,而鉆探地點選在海拔 850米的半山腰。

  5. A關(guān)于本文標(biāo)題的確切含義在第一段的后半句能夠找到。

  譯文:日本人的地心旅行

  就像進行一次地心旅行,日本科學(xué)家進行了世界上的首次嘗試,在炙熱的火山核心鉆孔,從而揭開了火山致命噴發(fā)的秘密。

  日本Unzen山繁茂的山坡上,佇立著一個高達50米,猶如石油鉆探平臺的鉆塔。下周,它將鉆透火山殼,試圖采集下面沸騰的火山巖漿的樣本。

  研究工作小組的負責(zé)人,來自東京大學(xué)地震研究中心的Setsuya Nakata表示,這次任務(wù)的目的是要研究液化巖石如何導(dǎo)致威脅性氣體的積聚。

  “氣體積聚很重要,因為它控制著火山噴發(fā)的爆炸性?!彼f,“研究的結(jié)果還可以用于防災(zāi)研究?!?/P>

  Unzen山是一座高達1,485米的圓頂山,它位于南部的Kyushu島,是一個極佳的模型,1991年,它噴發(fā)出的熱巖漿覆蓋了附近的小城,造成了43人死亡,將近2,300人無家可歸,到1995年它恢復(fù)平靜時,又有11,000人從這五地區(qū)疏散。

  研究結(jié)果對于像日本這樣擁有20座被氣象局監(jiān)控的危險山峰的國家來說,尤為重要,日本最著名的火山也許就是被冰雪覆蓋的富士山。它上一次噴發(fā)是在1707年,火山灰噴灑到東京。

  鉆探工作將很快從Unzen山的西北坡上850米的高度開始。到八月底,科學(xué)家希望在約為海平面高度的地方引出一個巖漿口,到2004年夏末,提取長度為200米的樣本。

  由于巖漿有將近700度的高溫,在那個高度進行鉆探是不可能的。所以,泥漿將被抽進鉆孔機,用來冷卻巖漿,以保證鉆頭的順利工作。

  Nakata說,不存在引發(fā)火山新一輪爆發(fā)的危險性。

  2014年職稱英語考前復(fù)習(xí)必讀攻略      2014年職稱英語老師輔導(dǎo)輕松通關(guān)

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