2009年自學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)(二)串講資料(2)
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2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
2.1 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一覽表
|
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 |
形式 |
意義 |
|
現(xiàn)在分詞 |
|
|
|
一 般 式 |
doing |
主動(dòng) ，正在進(jìn)行 |
|
被 動(dòng) 式 |
being done |
被動(dòng) ，正在進(jìn)行 |
|
完成主動(dòng)式 |
having done |
主動(dòng) ，已經(jīng)完成 |
|
完成被動(dòng)式 |
having been done |
被動(dòng) ，已經(jīng)完成 |
|
過(guò)去分詞 |
done |
被動(dòng) ，已經(jīng)完成 |
|
動(dòng)詞不定式 |
|
|
|
一 般 式 |
to do |
主動(dòng) ，將要進(jìn)行 |
|
被 動(dòng) 式 |
to be done |
被動(dòng) ，將要進(jìn)行 |
|
完成主動(dòng)式 |
to have done |
主動(dòng) ，已經(jīng)完成 |
|
進(jìn)行主動(dòng)式 |
to be doing |
主動(dòng) ，正在進(jìn)行 |
2.2. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)
動(dòng)詞不定式：1)目的狀語(yǔ);2)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
I came here to meet you. (目的)
He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. (結(jié)果)
分詞：1) 伴隨狀語(yǔ);2)原因狀語(yǔ);3)條件狀語(yǔ) 4)讓步狀語(yǔ);5)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
Walking along the street，he met his old friend. (時(shí)間)
Being very tired，my father didn't go out with us. (原因)
Made by hand，the silk shirt is very expensive. (原因)
Seen from the space，the earth looks like a blue ball. (條件)
$lesson$
2.3 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，狀語(yǔ)從句和獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)
1) Having done their homework，the children began to play. (分詞作狀語(yǔ))
2) After having done their homework，the children began to play. (連詞+分詞)
3) After they had done their homework，the children began to play. (狀語(yǔ)從句)
4) With homework done，the children began to play. (獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu))
2.4 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)
1) If there is no choice，there is no decision ___ (make)。 (to be made)
2) Do you know the man ____ ( stand) in front of the house? (standing)
3) The question ____ (discuss) at the moment is very important. (being discussed)
4) The bridge ____ (build) in the 1950s is still in good condition. (built)
2.5 動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式
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