人一生中要排多少便便?美國(guó)趣味科學(xué)網(wǎng)站近日給出了答案。該網(wǎng)站稱，人們便便的數(shù)量可能根據(jù)年齡、體重、飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)和其他因素會(huì)有很大差異。
A person's accomplishments accumulate over years and decades. Something else accumulates, too — their poop.
人們所獲得的成就經(jīng)年累月地積累，還有其他一些東西的總量也在不斷累加——他們的便便。
The quantities of poop that people leave behind during an individual bathroom break can vary widely, depending on age, body weight, diet, exercise and other factors.
人們排出體外的便便數(shù)量可能會(huì)因年齡、體重、飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)及其他因素的不同有很大差異。
But how much poop does the average person produce in their lifetime?
那么，一般來(lái)說(shuō)人們一生中會(huì)排出多少便便呢?
Moving one's bowels is part of the normal digestive process for most animals; after nutrients are extracted from food and liquid, waste is eliminated as urine and feces.
排便是大多數(shù)動(dòng)物正常消化過(guò)程中的一部分;人們從食物和液體中攝取營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)后將廢物作為尿液和便便排出。
Human stool, when healthy, is usually made up of about 70-percent solids and 30-percent fluids, Kim Barrett, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Diego, told Live Science. Personal bowel habits notwithstanding, on average, both men and women move their bowels about once per day and produce a daily average of 400 to 500 grams of feces, Barrett said.
加利福尼亞大學(xué)圣迭戈分校醫(yī)學(xué)教授金•巴雷特對(duì)趣味科學(xué)網(wǎng)站記者說(shuō)，健康的人類便便通常由70%的固體和30%的流體組成。巴雷特說(shuō)，盡管個(gè)人的排便習(xí)慣不同，但男性和女性平均每天排便一次，排泄量平均約為400-500克。
Researchers have even identified the speed at which humans generally produce their poo: about 2 centimeters per second, Live Science previously reported. Constipation — being unable to move one's bowels — can lead to longer, or more uncomfortable bathroom sessions. However, the amount of time a person typically dedicates to unobstructed defecation is about 12 seconds per stool, and is uniform across many animal species regardless of their size, according to David Hu, an associate professor of mechanical engineering and biology at the Georgia Institute of Technology and Patricia Yang, a Georgia Tech doctoral candidate in mechanical engineering.
根據(jù)趣味科學(xué)網(wǎng)站此前的報(bào)道，研究人員甚至確定了人類排便的平均速度：大約每秒2厘米。便秘(難以排便)可能令人們?cè)谛l(wèi)生間待的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)、更不舒服。然而，佐治亞理工學(xué)院機(jī)械工程和生物系副教授戴維•胡和機(jī)械工程學(xué)博士研究生帕特里夏•楊認(rèn)為，每個(gè)人每次順暢排便的時(shí)間大約是12秒，而且許多動(dòng)物物種都是如此，無(wú)論其體型大小。
Starting with an average daily amount of about 400 grams, the total poop production in a week's time would be about 2.8 kilograms. In a year, a single person would yield about 145 kg of poop — just a little more than an adult panda weighs.
從平均每天排便約400克開(kāi)始計(jì)算，一周的排便量約為2.8公斤。一年間，一個(gè)人的排便量將達(dá)到大約145公斤——比一只成年熊貓的體重略多一點(diǎn)。
In the US, the average life expectancy for men is about 76 years old, and for women, it is around 81 years old. Therefore, a man living to age 76 would produce about 11,030 kg of poop over his lifetime, and a woman living to age 81 would produce about 11,757 kg — so a lifetime of a woman's poop weighs about as much as three adult male hippos.
在美國(guó)，男性的平均預(yù)期壽命約為76歲，而女性的平均預(yù)期壽命約為81歲。因此，一個(gè)活到76歲的男子一生將產(chǎn)生大約11030公斤便便。一個(gè)活到81歲的女人一生會(huì)產(chǎn)生大約11757公斤的便便——相當(dāng)于三只成年雄性河馬的重量。
Recently, the stark reality of how much poop humans can produce prompted action from officials at Denali National Park and Reserve in Alaska. Years of unregulated pooping by visitors to Denali, North America's tallest mountain, left an estimated 69,000 to 98,000 kg of feces deposited on the mountain between 1951 and 2012.
最近，人們便便總量的殘酷事實(shí)促使阿拉斯加州德納里國(guó)家公園和保護(hù)區(qū)的負(fù)責(zé)人們采取了行動(dòng)。德納里峰是北美最高的山峰。據(jù)估計(jì)在1951年到2012年間，到訪德納里峰的游客在山中隨地排便達(dá)6.9萬(wàn)至9.8萬(wàn)公斤。
Another unpleasant reality is that 4.5 billion people around the world do not have access to household toilets that safely dispose of their waste, according to the United Nations. And each year, over 181 million metric tons of human waste goes untreated, with more than 90 percent of sewage in the developing world released directly into oceans, lakes and rivers.
另一個(gè)讓人不悅的事實(shí)是，據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)的數(shù)據(jù)，全球45億人家中沒(méi)有洗手間，無(wú)法安全處理排泄問(wèn)題。每年，未經(jīng)處理的人類排泄物達(dá)1.81億公噸。發(fā)展中國(guó)家超過(guò)90%的排泄物直接排入海洋、河流和湖泊。
At least 1.8 billion people worldwide depend on a drinking water source that is contaminated by fecal residue; poor sanitation leads to disease outbreaks and public health crises that affect millions of people each year — many of them children. However, improving access to clean water and implementing better sanitation practices could prevent approximately 842,000 deaths each year, according to reports from the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund.
全球至少有18億人的飲用水受到便便殘?jiān)廴�。糟糕的衛(wèi)生狀況導(dǎo)致疾病爆發(fā)和公共健康危機(jī)，每年有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人受到影響，其中很多是兒童。但根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織和聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)的報(bào)告，讓更多人喝到清潔水以及貫徹執(zhí)行更好的衛(wèi)生行為每年可以防止大約84.2萬(wàn)人死亡。
