2019年翻譯資格考試catti初級筆譯試題三

中國的汽車工業(yè)大致可以分為兩部分：中方獨資公司和跨國公司控股的中國公司。中國汽車工業(yè)有以下優(yōu)勢：首先，中國在21世紀(jì)將成為世界上最大的消費市場。其次，中國已建立起完整的汽車工業(yè)體系，某些產(chǎn)品已達(dá)到20世紀(jì)90年代國際技術(shù)水平。再次，某些進(jìn)口車型已高度本土化。最后，廉價的勞動力是中國戰(zhàn)勝外國競爭者的武器。

中國加入WTO將對國內(nèi)汽車工業(yè)產(chǎn)生重大積極影響。第一，加入WTO可以加快汽車市場的發(fā)展。第二，加入WTO可以降低用于汽車工業(yè)的某些產(chǎn)品的價格。第三，貿(mào)易自由化將刺激國際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展并刺激汽車出口。最后，隨著個人成為汽車的主力，加入WTO將加速私有汽車市場的發(fā)展。

中國加入WTO也將產(chǎn)生消極影響。第一，來自日本、美國、德國、法國、意大利以及其它國家的大型汽車公司將顯示出他們的優(yōu)勢并利用其技術(shù)、營銷以及運轉(zhuǎn)資金方面的優(yōu)勢。第二，加入WTO后，市場的快速自由化將使中國的汽車制造商的稅收和利潤大幅下跌，這將迫使汽車制造商解聘許多雇員。1992年年末，中國汽車工業(yè)在崗人數(shù)約為185萬人。第三，稅收和利潤的萎縮將大幅減少政府征自汽車工業(yè)的稅收。1992年，汽車工業(yè)的總產(chǎn)值占全年國內(nèi)工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值的12 010。1997年，汽車工業(yè)繳納利稅200億人民幣，占國民生產(chǎn)總值重要部分。進(jìn)口的減少將造成關(guān)稅及其它從國外進(jìn)口的汽車相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品稅收的顯著下降。最后，一旦跨國公司在中國建立起銷售網(wǎng)絡(luò)，他們將能夠在國內(nèi)市場上推出許多產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。

答案

Influence of China's WTO Accession on Domestic Automotive Industry

China's automotive industry can be roughly divided into two factions: purely Chinese companies and Chinese companies working under multinational automotive groups. The Chinese automotive industry is strong in several aspects. First, China will become the world's largest consumer of automobiles in the 21st century. Second, China has established a complete automotive industrial system, with some car products reaching international technological levels equivalent to those of the 1990s. Third, some imported models have been highly localized.

Finally, cheap labor is a weapon that China can use to fight against foreign competitors.

China's WTO entry will have a good deal of positive influence on domestic automotive industry. First, WTO accession may advance the growth of the auto market. Second, entering the WTO may lower the prices of products used in the automotive industry. Third, trade liberalization will spur the development of international trade and stimulate automobile exports. Finally, the WTO entrance will accelerate the development of the private auto market, as individuals will be the major force behind auto purchases.

China's WTO will also have some negative impact. First, giant automotive companies from Japan, the US, Germany, France, Italy and other countries will be able to fully flex their muscles and take advantage of their superiority in technology, marketing and working capital. Second, excessively rapid liberalization of the market after WTO entry will lead to plummeting revenues and profits for China's auto makers, which may force car makers into laying off some of their employees. At the end of 1992, China's automotive industry employed roughly l.85 million people. Third, the shrinking revenues and profits will also significantly decrease the taxes that the Chinese government can levy on the industry. In 1992, the auto industry's total production value accounted for 120/o of the total domestic industrial production value of the year. In 1997, the auto industry paid RMB20 billion in taxes, accounting for a crucial portion of the GDP. The decrease in imports will lead to a significant drop in customs taxes and other taxes on automobile-related products imported. Finally, once multinational companies establish sales networks in China, they will be able to launch many products and services onto the domestic market.